Department of Chemical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Department of Agricultural Sciences, University Federico II, via Cintia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2020 Feb;104(3):915-924. doi: 10.1007/s00253-019-10147-z. Epub 2019 Dec 13.
Laccases bring exciting promises into the green industries, and the development of enzymes with improved properties is further raising their exploitation potential. Molecular engineering methods to build highly efficient catalysts both through rational and random mutagenesis were extensively applied. Moreover, computational approaches are becoming always more reliable in aiding proper design of efficient and tailored catalyst for specific applications. In this review, the results of the last 10 years about industrial application of engineered laccases in different fields are analyzed. Tailoring laccase towards a target substrate and defining a proper screening strategy for the selection of the "jackpot mutant" represent the keys of a winning mutagenesis pathway. Likewise, laccase chimerae, built by the fusion of laccases with relevant proteins, emerged as an added value in the designing of flexible and well-rounded biocatalysts. Despite being promising in most of the reported examples, evolved laccases are currently tested at a laboratory scale and a feedback from the industry world is continuously required to strengthen the biotechnological exploitation of these improved enzymes.
漆酶在绿色工业中带来了令人兴奋的前景，而具有改进性能的酶的开发进一步提高了它们的利用潜力。通过合理和随机诱变来构建高效催化剂的分子工程方法得到了广泛应用。此外，计算方法在辅助设计针对特定应用的高效定制催化剂方面变得越来越可靠。在这篇综述中，分析了过去 10 年中工程漆酶在不同领域的工业应用的结果。针对目标底物进行漆酶的定制，并为“中奖突变体”的选择定义适当的筛选策略，是诱变途径成功的关键。同样，通过漆酶与相关蛋白质融合构建的漆酶嵌合体，在设计灵活全面的生物催化剂方面具有附加价值。尽管在大多数报道的例子中很有前景，但进化的漆酶目前仍在实验室规模进行测试，需要不断从工业界获得反馈，以加强这些改进酶的生物技术利用。
