Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research, National Central University, No. 300, Zhongda Rd., Zhongli District, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan.
Department of Civil Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Zhongda Rd., Zhongli District, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan.
Sensors (Basel). 2019 Dec 9;19(24):5423. doi: 10.3390/s19245423.
Wildfires are considered one of the most major hazards and environmental issues worldwide. Recently, Earth observation satellite (EOS) sensors have proven to be effective for wildfire detection, although the quality and usefulness of the data are often hindered by cloud presence. One practical workaround is to combine datasets from multiple sensors. This research presents a methodology that utilizes data of the recently-launched Sentinel-3 sea and land surface temperature radiometer (S3-SLSTR) to reflect its applicability for detecting wildfires. In addition, visible infrared imaging radiometer suite day night band (VIIRS-DNB) imagery was introduced to assure day-night tracking capabilities. The wildfire event in the Indio Maiz Biological Reserve, Nicaragua, during 3-13 April 2018, was the study case. Six S3-SLSTR images were processed to compute spectral indices, such as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the normalized difference water index (NDWI), and the normalized burn ratio (NBR), to perform image segmentation for estimating the burnt area. The results indicate that 5870.7 ha of forest was affected during the wildfire, close to the 5945 ha reported by local authorities. In this study, the fire expansion was delineated and tracked in the Indio Maiz Biological Reserve using a modified fast marching method on nighttime-sensed temporal VIIRS-DNB. This study shows the importance of S3-SLSRT for wildfire monitoring and how it can be complemented with VIIRS-DNB to track burning biomass at daytime and nighttime.
野火被认为是全球最主要的灾害和环境问题之一。最近，地球观测卫星（EOS）传感器已被证明在野火探测方面非常有效，尽管数据的质量和实用性经常受到云的存在的阻碍。一种实用的解决方法是结合来自多个传感器的数据。本研究提出了一种利用最近发射的哨兵-3 海-陆表面温度辐射计（S3-SLSTR）数据的方法，以证明其在探测野火方面的适用性。此外，还引入了可见红外成像辐射计套件昼夜带（VIIRS-DNB）图像，以确保昼夜跟踪能力。本研究以 2018 年 4 月 3 日至 13 日尼加拉瓜因迪奥迈兹生物保护区的野火事件为例。处理了六张 S3-SLSTR 图像，以计算光谱指数，如归一化差异植被指数（NDVI）、归一化差异水体指数（NDWI）和归一化燃烧比（NBR），以便进行图像分割以估算燃烧面积。结果表明，在野火中，有 5870.7 公顷的森林受到影响，接近当地当局报告的 5945 公顷。在本研究中，使用夜间感应的时间 VIIRS-DNB 上的改进快速行进法对因迪奥迈兹生物保护区内的火势扩展进行了描绘和跟踪。本研究表明了 S3-SLSRT 在野火监测中的重要性，以及如何通过与 VIIRS-DNB 相结合来跟踪白天和夜间的燃烧生物质。
