Zhang Chu-Yi, Hu Yuan-Man, Liu Miao, Li Chun-Lin
Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2019 Dec;30(12):4353-4360. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201912.018.
The close interactions between abiotic and biotic components create a variety of three-dimensional (3-D) landscape patterns. Landscape ecology, as a discipline of studying patterns and ecological processes, has made rapid progress in the exploration of 3-D space with the improvement of data acquirement ability, such as lidar technology. The real surface landscape can be described considering 3-D data, which improves the consistency between landscape indices and ecological process, and has overcome the shortage of ecological meanings of traditional researches. However, the lack of universality of methods and conclusions still exist due to different study backgrounds. The sensitivities of research results will increase with the expansion from two-dimensional to 3-D scale because of the increasing data quantity and accuracy. How to select and process the suitable scaled data to get more scientific conclusions need to be discussed in the future. The integration of multi-scale, multi-source and a long time series data will be the study trend with data acquisition becoming more convenient. In addition to the dynamic monitoring and prediction studies, the sustainable and ecological restoration application combined with landscape planning and design will be an important research direction.
非生物和生物成分之间的密切相互作用创造了各种三维（3-D）景观格局。景观生态学作为一门研究格局和生态过程的学科，随着激光雷达技术等数据获取能力的提高，在三维空间探索方面取得了快速进展。考虑三维数据可以描述真实的地表景观，这提高了景观指数与生态过程之间的一致性，并克服了传统研究生态意义不足的问题。然而，由于研究背景不同，方法和结论缺乏普遍性的问题仍然存在。随着数据量和准确性的增加，研究结果的敏感性将随着从二维尺度扩展到三维尺度而提高。未来需要讨论如何选择和处理合适尺度的数据以获得更科学的结论。随着数据获取变得更加便捷，多尺度、多源和长时间序列数据的整合将成为研究趋势。除了动态监测和预测研究外，结合景观规划与设计的可持续和生态恢复应用将是一个重要的研究方向。
