Li Yue-Hui, Hu Yuan-Man, Wang Zheng-Wen
CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2023 Jan;34(1):249-256. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202301.026.
Theoretical researches and practices on the life community of mountain-water-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandland mosaic and its protection and restoration have been gradually developed in China, which demands the support of a systematic disciplinary theory. Landscape ecology, as an interdisciplinary science of geography and ecology, can meet such demand thanks to its macroscopic spatial theory and technical system. Here, landscape ecology is taken as the supporting discipline of holistic protection and restoration for mountain-water-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandland mosaic. Firstly, we clarified that life community of mountain-water-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandland is a heterogeneously mosaic landscape, which bears all the characteristics of landscape and thus follows the principles of landscape ecology. Secondly, we expounded how the basic principles of landscape-ecological construction could be applied to the planning and evaluation of holistic protection and restoration for mountain-water-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandland mosaic. Finally, we summarized the new trend of landscape-ecological construction research, listed the theoretical and practical problems to be solved, and discussed how the projects of holistic protection and restoration for the mountain-water-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandland mosaic can provide a variety of practices for seeking the solutions. The combination of landscape ecology and practical restoration projects would generate effective solutions to realize sustainable development in terms of ecology, economy, and society in China and even the whole world.
我国山水林田湖草沙生命共同体及其保护修复的理论研究与实践正逐步发展，这需要系统学科理论的支撑。景观生态学作为地理学与生态学的交叉学科，凭借其宏观空间理论和技术体系能够满足这一需求。在此，将景观生态学作为山水林田湖草沙生命共同体整体保护与修复的支撑学科。首先，阐明山水林田湖草沙生命共同体是一种异质性镶嵌景观，具有景观的所有特征，因而遵循景观生态学原理。其次，阐述景观生态建设的基本原则如何应用于山水林田湖草沙生命共同体整体保护与修复的规划和评价。最后，总结景观生态建设研究的新趋势，列出有待解决的理论和实践问题，并探讨山水林田湖草沙生命共同体整体保护与修复项目如何为寻求解决方案提供多样实践。景观生态学与实际修复项目相结合，将产生有效方案，以实现中国乃至全球在生态、经济和社会方面的可持续发展。
