Michelet Lorraine, Conde Cyril, Branger Maxime, Cochard Thierry, Biet Franck, Boschiroli Maria Laura
Paris-Est University, National Reference Laboratory for Tuberculosis, Animal Health Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (Anses), 94701 Maisons-Alfort CEDEX, France.
Infectiologie et Santé Publique (ISP), Institut National de Technologie Agronomique (INRA), Université de Tours, UMR 1282, 37380 Nouzilly, France.
Microorganisms. 2019 Dec 12;7(12):687. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7120687.
Bovine tuberculosis (TB) is a zoonotic disease, mainly caused by . France was declared officially TB free in 2001, however, the disease persists in livestock and wildlife. Among wild animals, deer are particularly susceptible to bovine TB. Here, a whole genome sequence (WGS) analysis was performed on strains with the same genetic profile-spoligotype SB0121, Multiple Loci VNTR Analysis (MLVA) 6 4 5 3 11 2 5 7-isolated from different types of outbreaks, including from deer or cattle herds, or zoological or hunting parks where the presence of infected deer was a common trait in most of them. The results of the phylogeny based on the SNP calling shows that two sub-clusters co-exist in France, one related to deer bred to be raised as livestock, and the other to hunting parks and zoos. The persistence over almost 30 years of sporadic cases due to strains belonging to these clusters highlights the deficiency in the surveillance of captive wildlife and the need for better monitoring of animals, especially before movement between parks or herds.
牛结核病（TB）是一种人畜共患病，主要由……引起。法国于2001年正式宣布无牛结核病，但该病仍在牲畜和野生动物中存在。在野生动物中，鹿对牛结核病尤为易感。在此，对从不同类型疫情中分离出的具有相同基因特征——寡核苷酸分型SB0121、多位点可变数目串联重复序列分析（MLVA）6 4 5 3 11 2 5 7——的菌株进行了全基因组序列（WGS）分析，这些疫情包括来自鹿群或牛群，或动物园或狩猎公园，其中大多数都有感染鹿的情况。基于单核苷酸多态性（SNP）分型的系统发育结果表明，法国存在两个亚群，一个与作为家畜饲养的鹿有关，另一个与狩猎公园和动物园有关。这些亚群的菌株导致的散发病例持续近30年，凸显了圈养野生动物监测的不足以及对动物进行更好监测的必要性，尤其是在公园或畜群之间转移之前。
