Yao Chunmeng, Zhang Wenhao, Shuai Ling
State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
Cell Regen. 2019 Nov 20;8(2):51-57. doi: 10.1016/j.cr.2019.10.001. eCollection 2019 Dec.
Fertilization happens when sperm and oocytes meet, which is a complicated process involving many important types of biological activation. Beginning in the 2-cell stage, an important event referred to as zygotic genome activation (ZGA) occurs, which governs the subsequent development of the embryo. In ZGA, multiple epigenetic modifications are involved and critical for pre-implantation development. These changes occur after ZGA, resulting in blastomeres segregate into two different lineages. Some blastomeres develop into the inner cell mass (ICM), and others develop into the trophectoderm (TE), which is considered the first cell fate decision. How this process is initiated and the exact molecular mechanisms involved are fascinating questions that remain to be answered. In this review, we introduce some possible developmental models of the first cell fate decision and discuss the signalling pathways and transcriptional networks regulating this process.
当精子与卵母细胞相遇时便会发生受精，这是一个复杂的过程，涉及许多重要类型的生物激活。从二细胞阶段开始，会发生一个被称为合子基因组激活（ZGA）的重要事件，它控制着胚胎随后的发育。在ZGA过程中，涉及多种表观遗传修饰，这些修饰对植入前发育至关重要。这些变化在ZGA之后发生，导致卵裂球分离为两个不同的谱系。一些卵裂球发育成内细胞团（ICM），另一些则发育成滋养外胚层（TE），这被认为是第一次细胞命运决定。这个过程是如何启动的以及所涉及的确切分子机制是仍有待解答的迷人问题。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了第一次细胞命运决定的一些可能的发育模型，并讨论了调节这一过程的信号通路和转录网络。
