Gautier Yentl, Meurice Paul, Coquery Nicolas, Constant Aymery, Bannier Elise, Serrand Yann, Ferré Jean-Christophe, Moirand Romain, Val-Laillet David
INRA, INSERM, Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, NuMeCan, Nutrition Metabolisms Cancer, Rennes, France.
CNRS, INRIA, INSERM, IRISA UMR 6074, Empenn - ERL U 1228, University of Rennes, Rennes, France.
Front Psychol. 2019 Nov 26;10:2620. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02620. eCollection 2019.
This pilot study aimed at implementing a new food picture database in the context of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) cognitive food-choice task, with an internal conflict or not, in healthy normal-weight adults. The database contains 170 photographs including starters, main courses, and desserts; it presents a broad-spectrum of energy content and is provided with portion weight and nutritional information. It was tested in 16 participants who evaluated the energy density and gave a liking score for all food pictures numerical scales. First, volunteers were segregated into two groups according to their eating habits according to a food consumption frequency questionnaire (FCFQ) to assess whether the database might elicit different appreciations according to individual eating habits. Second, participants underwent fMRI cognitive food-choice task (van der Laan et al., 2014), using our picture database, in which they had to choose between high-energy (HE) and low-energy (LE) foods, under a similar liking (SL, foods with similar hedonic appraisals) condition or a different liking (DL, foods with different hedonic appraisals) condition. Participants evaluated correctly the caloric content of dishes (from = 0.72 to = 0.79, < 0.001), confirming a good perception of the caloric discrepancies between food pictures. Two subgroups based on FCFQ followed by a principal component analysis (PCA) and a hierarchical ascendant classification (HAC) were defined, that is, Prudent-type (PTc, = 9) versus Western-type (WTc, = 7) consumers, where the WTc group showed higher consumption of HE palatable foods than PTc ( < 0.05). The WTc group showed a higher correlation between liking and caloric evaluation of the food pictures as compared to PTc ( = 0.77 and = 0.36, respectively, < 0.001), confirming that food pictures elicited variable responses according to contrasted individual eating habits. The fMRI analyses showed that the DL condition elicited the activation of dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), involved in internal conflict monitoring, whereas SL condition did not, and that LE food choice involved high-level cognitive processes with higher activation of the hippocampus (HPC) and fusiform gyrus compared to HE food choice. Overall, this pilot study validated the use of the food picture database and fMRI-based procedure assessing decision-making processing during a food choice cognitive task with and without internal conflict.
这项初步研究旨在，在功能磁共振成像（fMRI）认知食物选择任务的背景下，在有或无内部冲突的情况下，在健康的正常体重成年人中实施一个新的食物图片数据库。该数据库包含170张照片，包括开胃菜、主菜和甜点；它呈现了广泛的能量含量范围，并提供了份量重量和营养信息。该数据库在16名参与者中进行了测试，他们根据数字量表评估了所有食物图片的能量密度并给出了喜好评分。首先，根据食物消费频率问卷（FCFQ），根据志愿者的饮食习惯将他们分为两组，以评估该数据库是否会根据个人饮食习惯引发不同的评价。其次，参与者使用我们的图片数据库进行fMRI认知食物选择任务（van der Laan等人，2014年），在该任务中，他们必须在高能量（HE）和低能量（LE）食物之间进行选择，处于相似喜好（SL，享乐评价相似的食物）条件或不同喜好（DL，享乐评价不同的食物）条件下。参与者正确评估了菜肴的热量含量（从 = 0.72到 = 0.79， < 0.001），证实对食物图片之间的热量差异有良好的感知。基于FCFQ定义了两个亚组，随后进行主成分分析（PCA）和层次上升分类（HAC），即谨慎型（PTc， = 9）与西方型（WTc， = 7）消费者，其中WTc组比PTc组表现出更高的HE可口食物消费量（ < 0.05）。与PTc组相比，WTc组在食物图片的喜好和热量评估之间显示出更高的相关性（分别为 = 0.77和 = 0.36， < 0.001），证实食物图片根据不同的个人饮食习惯引发了不同的反应。fMRI分析表明，DL条件引发了参与内部冲突监测的背侧前扣带回皮质（dACC）的激活，而SL条件则没有，并且与HE食物选择相比，LE食物选择涉及更高水平的认知过程，海马体（HPC）和梭状回的激活更高。总体而言，这项初步研究验证了食物图片数据库和基于fMRI的程序在有或无内部冲突的食物选择认知任务中评估决策过程的用途。
