From the Laval University, Social and Preventive Medicine Department, 1050 avenue de la Médecine Université Laval Québec (X.T., C.B., D.T.).
Institute for Work and Health, 481 University Ave, Toronto, ON (M.G.-O).
Hypertension. 2020 Feb;75(2):532-538. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.12926. Epub 2019 Dec 19.
Previous studies on the effect of long working hours on blood pressure have shown inconsistent results. Mixed findings could be attributable to limitations related to blood pressure measurement and the lack of consideration of masked hypertension. The objective was to determine whether individuals who work long hours have a higher prevalence of masked and sustained hypertension. Data were collected at 3-time points over 5 years from 3547 white-collar workers. Long working hours were self-reported, and blood pressure was measured using Spacelabs 90207. Workplace clinic blood pressure was defined as the mean of the first 3readings taken at rest at the workplace. Ambulatory blood pressure was defined as the mean of the next readings recorded every 15 minutes during daytime working hours. Masked hypertension was defined as clinic blood pressure < 140/90 mm Hg and ambulatory blood pressure ≥135/85 mm Hg. Sustained hypertension was defined as clinic blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg and ambulatory blood pressure ≥135/85 mm Hg or being treated hypertension. Long working hours were associated with the prevalence of masked hypertension (prevalence ratio =1.70 [95% CI, 1.09-2.64]), after adjustment for sociodemographics, lifestyle-related risk factors, diabetes mellitus, family history of cardiovascular disease, and job strain. The association with sustained hypertension was of a comparable magnitude (prevalence ratio =1.66 [95% CI, 1.15-2.50]). Results suggest that long working hours are an independent risk factor for masked and sustained hypertension. Workplace strategies targeting long working hours could be effective in reducing the clinical and public health burden of hypertension.
先前关于长时间工作对血压影响的研究结果并不一致。混合的研究结果可能归因于与血压测量相关的局限性以及对隐匿性高血压考虑不足。目的是确定长时间工作的个体是否有更高的隐匿性和持续性高血压患病率。数据来自 3547 名白领员工，在 5 年内分 3 个时间点收集。长时间工作由自我报告，使用 Spacelabs 90207 测量血压。工作场所诊所血压定义为在工作场所休息时测量的前 3 个读数的平均值。动态血压定义为白天工作时间每 15 分钟记录的下一个读数的平均值。隐匿性高血压定义为诊所血压 < 140/90 mmHg 且动态血压≥135/85 mmHg。持续性高血压定义为诊所血压≥140/90 mmHg 且动态血压≥135/85 mmHg 或正在接受高血压治疗。长时间工作与隐匿性高血压的患病率相关（患病率比=1.70[95%CI，1.09-2.64]），调整社会人口统计学、与生活方式相关的危险因素、糖尿病、心血管疾病家族史和工作压力后。与持续性高血压的关联具有相当的规模（患病率比=1.66[95%CI，1.15-2.50]）。结果表明，长时间工作是隐匿性和持续性高血压的独立危险因素。针对长时间工作的工作场所策略可能有效降低高血压的临床和公共卫生负担。
