Wunderlich P, Dietzsch H J, Leupold W, Burkhardt J, Wehner J
Abteilung für Bronchopneumologie, Medizinische Akademie Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Deutsche Demokratische Republik.
Padiatr Padol. 1988;23(3):223-32.
From 1957 to 1987 altogether 206 cases of tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration were diagnosed. Two third of the patients were one or two years old. Boys prevailed with 57 per cent. 55 per cent of all foreign bodies were nuts. Only 10 per cent were radiopaque (screws, nails, needles or pieces of bones). The attempt to eliminate the foreign body via the bronchoscope was successful in 96 per cent and failed in seven cases. Six children had to undergo a thoracotomy. In one third of the cases the foreign body remained two weeks or longer in the bronchial tree. 66 children with such a "chronic" foreign body were later on examined by bronchography, which showed in 29 per cent severe deformations of the bronchial wall and in 14 per cent even bronchiectasis. An acute foreign body aspiration should always be considered and handled as an emergency.
1957年至1987年期间，共诊断出206例气管支气管异物吸入病例。三分之二的患者年龄在1至2岁。男孩居多，占57%。所有异物中有55%是坚果。只有10%的异物是不透射线的（螺丝钉、钉子、针或骨头碎片）。通过支气管镜取出异物的成功率为96%，7例失败。6名儿童不得不接受开胸手术。三分之一的病例中，异物在支气管树中停留两周或更长时间。66名有这种“慢性”异物的儿童后来接受了支气管造影检查，结果显示29%的儿童支气管壁有严重变形，14%的儿童甚至出现支气管扩张。急性异物吸入应始终被视为紧急情况并进行处理。
