阅读和拼写障碍中的命名过程：一项电生理学研究。

Naming processes in reading and spelling disorders: An electrophysiological investigation.

机构信息

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Pettenkoferstr. 8a, 80336 Munich, Germany.

出版信息

Clin Neurophysiol. 2020 Feb;131(2):351-360. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.11.017. Epub 2019 Dec 2.

DOI:10.1016/j.clinph.2019.11.017

PMID:31865136

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Reading fluency deficits characteristic for reading disorders (RD; F81.0) have been shown to be strongly associated with slow naming speed (e.g. in rapid automatized naming tasks). In contrast, children with an isolated spelling disorder in the context of unimpaired reading skills (iSD; F81.1) show naming speed task performances that are similar to typically developing (TD) children. However, the exact nature of the naming speed deficit and its relation to RD and the question whether children with iSD are also on the neurophysiological level similar to TD children is still unresolved.

METHODS

The time-course and scalp topography of event-related potentials (ERP) activity recorded during a delayed digit-naming task was investigated in ten-year-old children with RD and iSD compared to a TD group.

RESULTS

ERP activity differed between the RD and the TD group at around 300 ms after stimulus presentation (left occipito-temporal P2). In contrast, there were no neurophysiological differences between the TD and the iSD group. The P2 component correlated with behavioural performance on the RAN task.

CONCLUSIONS

Slow naming speed in RD might result from a slowed-down access and prolonged processing of the word (lexical) form.

SIGNIFICANCE

The study establishes a relation between neurophysiological processes of naming tasks and RD.

摘要

目的

阅读障碍（F81.0）的特征是阅读流畅性缺陷，与命名速度缓慢（例如在快速自动命名任务中）密切相关。相比之下，在阅读技能未受损的情况下孤立存在拼写障碍的儿童（F81.1）在命名速度任务中的表现与典型发育儿童相似。然而，命名速度缺陷的确切性质及其与 RD 的关系，以及 iSD 儿童是否在神经生理水平上也与 TD 儿童相似，这些问题仍未得到解决。