Environmental Science & Engineering Division, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600020, India.
Institute of Sanitary Engineering and Waste Management (ISAH), Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30167, Hannover, Germany.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Aug;27(24):29749-29765. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-07321-1. Epub 2019 Dec 21.
India is one among the Asia's newly industrialized countries, in which urban centres generate large amount of municipal solid wastes due to the rapid urbanization. To demonstrate urban waste potentials for biogas production by anaerobic digestion, a comprehensive analysis on the availability of organic waste hotspots and its biogas potential for the exemplary case of Chennai, India, was undertaken. The identified hotspots and their biogas potential were plotted with Geographical Information System as thematic maps. The results of biogas potential tests revealed strong variations in the biogas potentials of individual waste streams from 240.2 to 514.2 mL/g oDM (organic dry matter) with oDM reduction in the range of 36.4-61.5 wt.-%. Major waste generation hotspots were identified from the surveyed urban bio-reserves and the biogas potentials within an effective area of 5 km radius surrounding the hotspot were estimated. It was found that the biogas potential of individual hotspots ranged between 38.0-5938.7 m/day. Further results revealed that the biogas potential during anaerobic co-digestion, by considering nearby bio-reserves in the effective areas of major hotspots, with and without residential organic waste, ranged between 4110.4-18-106.1 m/day and 253.2-5969.5 m/day, originating from 144.0-620.0 tons and 3.1-170.5 tons, respectively. Despite variations in the composition of the wastes, the Carbon/Nitrogen ratio, oDM reduction, biogas production and substrate availability were improved during co-digestion of nearby bio-reserves within the major hotspots, thereby improving the prevailing barriers in substrate management during anaerobic digestion of wastes.
印度是亚洲新兴工业化国家之一，由于快速城市化，城市中心产生了大量的城市固体废物。为了展示城市固体废物通过厌氧消化生产沼气的潜力，对印度钦奈的典型案例进行了有机废物热点的可用性及其沼气潜力的综合分析。确定的热点及其沼气潜力用地理信息系统绘制为专题地图。沼气潜力测试的结果显示，各个废物流的沼气潜力差异很大，范围从 240.2 到 514.2 毫升/克干物质（有机干物质），干物质减少率在 36.4-61.5%之间。从调查的城市生物储备中确定了主要的废物产生热点，并估计了热点周围 5 公里半径有效区域内的沼气潜力。结果发现，个别热点的沼气潜力在 38.0 到 5938.7 立方米/天之间。进一步的结果表明，在考虑主要热点有效区域内附近生物储备的情况下，进行厌氧共消化时的沼气潜力，有和没有居民有机废物，范围分别在 4110.4-18106.1 立方米/天和 253.2-5969.5 立方米/天之间，分别来自 144.0-620.0 吨和 3.1-170.5 吨。尽管废物的组成存在差异，但在主要热点内附近生物储备的共消化过程中，碳/氮比、干物质减少、沼气生产和基质可用性得到了改善，从而改善了废物厌氧消化过程中基质管理中的现有障碍。
