Slocombe R F, Robinson N E, Derksen F J, Carrig C B
Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824.
Vet Res Commun. 1988;12(2-3):259-72. doi: 10.1007/BF00362808.
The effect of lung inflation on thoracic radiographic anatomy was determined in seven anesthetized calves less than one week of age. Radiographs were taken with the calves in dorsoventral (DV), ventrodorsal (VD), left and right lateral recumbency at functional residual capacity (FRC), at half inflation of the lung and at total lung capacity (TLC). Lung volumes were maintained by positive pressure ventilation. Increases in areas and linear dimensions during lung inflation were not uniform, being greatest in the caudal and especially the caudal ventral regions of the thorax. With inflation, heart size decreased and the heart shadow moved caudad as the diaphragm flattened. When the calf was shifted from the DV to the VD position, the heart displaced toward the left thoracic wall. Lung areas were larger on VD than on DV projections with the right lung being larger than the left. On lateral radiographs the most reliable, easily observed indication of the stage of lung inflation was the area bounded by the vena cava, the caudal heart border and the diaphragm. On the DV or VD radiographs the transthoracic width at the diaphragm was the best indicator of the degree of lung inflation.
研究了肺膨胀对7头小于1周龄的麻醉犊牛胸部X线解剖结构的影响。在功能残气量（FRC）、肺半膨胀和肺总量（TLC）时，分别以背腹位（DV）、腹背位（VD）、左侧卧位和右侧卧位对犊牛进行X线摄影。通过正压通气维持肺容积。肺膨胀过程中面积和线性尺寸的增加并不均匀，在胸部的尾侧尤其是尾侧腹侧区域增加最为明显。随着肺膨胀，心脏大小减小，且随着膈肌变平，心脏阴影向尾侧移动。当犊牛从DV位转为VD位时，心脏向左侧胸壁移位。VD位的肺面积大于DV位，且右肺大于左肺。在侧位X线片上，肺膨胀阶段最可靠、最容易观察到的指标是由腔静脉、心脏尾缘和膈肌所界定的区域。在DV或VD位X线片上，膈肌处的胸廓宽度是肺膨胀程度的最佳指标。
