Zhang Yan, Fletcher Kyle, Han Rongkui, Michelmore Richard, Yang Ruiwu
College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Pathogens. 2019 Dec 26;9(1):24. doi: 10.3390/pathogens9010024.
Cyclophilins (CYPs), a highly-conserved family of proteins, belong to a subgroup of immunophilins. Ubiquitous in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, CYPs have peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) activity and have been implicated as virulence factors in plant pathogenesis by oomycetes. We identified 16 CYP orthogroups from 21 diverse oomycetes. Each species was found to encode 15 to 35 CYP genes. Three of these orthogroups contained proteins with signal peptides at the N-terminal end, suggesting a role in secretion. Multidomain analysis revealed five conserved motifs of the CYP domain of oomycetes shared with other eukaryotic PPIases. Expression analysis of CYP proteins in different asexual life stages of the hemibiotrophic and the biotrophic demonstrated distinct expression profiles between life stages. In addition to providing detailed comparative information on the CYPs in multiple oomycetes, this study identified candidate CYP effectors that could be the foundation for future studies of virulence.
亲环蛋白(CYPs)是一类高度保守的蛋白质家族,属于免疫亲和素亚组。CYPs在真核生物和原核生物中普遍存在,具有肽基脯氨酰顺反异构酶(PPIase)活性,并且在卵菌纲引起的植物病害中被认为是毒力因子。我们从21种不同的卵菌纲中鉴定出16个CYPs直系同源组。发现每个物种编码15至35个CYP基因。其中三个直系同源组包含在N末端带有信号肽的蛋白质,表明其在分泌中起作用。多结构域分析揭示了卵菌纲CYP结构域与其他真核生物PPIase共有的五个保守基序。对半活体营养型和活体营养型不同无性生命阶段的CYP蛋白进行表达分析,结果表明不同生命阶段之间具有不同的表达谱。除了提供关于多种卵菌纲中CYPs的详细比较信息外,本研究还鉴定出了候选CYP效应子,可为未来毒力研究奠定基础。