Hussain Bilal, Fatima Maleeha, Al-Ghanim K A, Al-Misned F, Mahboob Shahid
Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2020 Jan;27(1):251-260. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.09.003. Epub 2019 Sep 3.
The aim of this study was to determine the level of contamination and genotoxic impact through micronucleus assay and histopathology in and procured from the polluted site of the River Chenab at industrial and sewage waste disposal. The water sample was found viciously contaminated with heavy metals i.e. Ni, Cr, Mn, Co, Pb, Hg, Zn, Sn, Cu while all other physio-chemical variables crossed the suggested limits of WHO. The heavy metals load induced histopathological alterations were correlated to environmental degradation and the productivity of this biological system. and harvested from contaminated sites of the river indicated higher intensity of DNA damage through micronucleus induction and nuclear abnormalities with 5.46 ± 0.17, 1.23 ± 0.08 and 4.2 ± 0.11, 0.4 ± 0.04‰ respectively. Muscle sections of and harvested from the polluted section of river demonstrated the necrosis, degeneration of muscle fibers, intra-fibular edema and release of the blood into the tissues due to the bursting of blocked of the blood vessels. Dermal layers showed degeneration of the collagen bundles those were found loose or collapsed in some regions. Photomicrography also revealed vacuolar degeneration in muscle tissues and atrophy of muscle bundles. Intra fibular edema and splitting of muscle fibers were also seen along with bioaccumulation of toxicants. showed maximum incidence of alterations with highest histopathological alteration index related to environmental degradation. Control fish samples showed normal muscle tissues with normal equally spaced muscle bundles and myotomes.
本研究的目的是通过微核试验和组织病理学来确定从奇纳布河受工业和污水废物污染的地点采集的[鱼名1]和[鱼名2]的污染水平和遗传毒性影响。发现水样受到重金属即镍、铬、锰、钴、铅、汞、锌、锡、铜的严重污染，而所有其他理化变量都超过了世界卫生组织建议的限值。重金属负荷引起的组织病理学改变与环境退化和该生物系统的生产力相关。从河流污染地点采集的[鱼名1]和[鱼名2]显示，通过微核诱导和核异常导致的DNA损伤强度更高，分别为5.46±0.17、1.23±0.08和4.2±0.11、0.4±0.04‰。从河流污染段采集的[鱼名1]和[鱼名2]的肌肉切片显示，由于血管阻塞破裂，出现坏死、肌纤维变性、肌内水肿以及血液渗入组织。真皮层显示胶原束变性，在某些区域发现胶原束松散或塌陷。显微摄影还显示肌肉组织有空泡变性和肌束萎缩。还观察到肌内水肿和肌纤维分裂以及有毒物质的生物积累。[鱼名1]显示出最高的改变发生率，其组织病理学改变指数最高，与环境退化相关。对照鱼样本显示肌肉组织正常，肌束和肌节间距正常。
