Assefa Ayalew, Regassa Fikru, Ayana Dinka, Amenu Kebede, Abunna Fufa
Sekota Dryland Agricultural Research Center P.O. Box 62, Sekota, Ethiopia.
Addis Ababa University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Department of Biomedical Sciences, P.O. Box 34, Bishoftu, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2019 Dec 10;5(12):e02996. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02996. eCollection 2019 Dec.
Fisheries play a significant role in food security, livelihood, and source of income in developing countries. Although fish are a healthy source of protein, they can also spread diseases caused by pathogenic micro-organisms they may harbor. Epidemiology of foodborne pathogens is not well studied in Ethiopia. To address this issue to some extent, a cross-sectional study with a simple random sampling approach was conducted from October 2017 to May 2018 with the objectives of to isolate and estimate the prevalence of O157: H7 in fish and to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates in selected Lakes of Northern Ethiopia. All the microbial identification and isolation procedures were conducted based on ISO 6887-3:2017 recommendations. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was also performed following the standard procedure of Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion protocol. From the total 410 fish samples examined, six (1.46%) of them were found contaminated with Shiga toxin-producing O157: H7 strain. The organism was isolated from landing sites (5/293) and local retail markets (1/75). Besides, O157: H7 was isolated from filleted fish (5/214) and whole fish (1/125); however, it was not isolated from samples of ready to eat fish and working environments of restaurants. The antibiotic susceptibility test revealed that the isolates were resistant to Ampicillin and Streptomycin disks. However, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin and Nalidixic acid were found effective in inhibiting the growth of all of the isolates. Since pathogenic strain was detected from fish, raw and undercooked fish consumption in Ethiopia may result in contracting infections. The occurrence of such pathogenic organisms in fish indicates the need for intervention by stakeholders. Supports like freezers, generators, the establishment of fish processing plants and on job training about proper fish handling practices may play a tremendous role in decreasing the level of contamination of fish in Ethiopia.
渔业在发展中国家的粮食安全、生计和收入来源方面发挥着重要作用。尽管鱼类是健康的蛋白质来源，但它们也可能传播其所携带的病原微生物引起的疾病。埃塞俄比亚对食源性病原体的流行病学研究尚不充分。为了在一定程度上解决这一问题，于2017年10月至2018年5月采用简单随机抽样方法进行了一项横断面研究，目的是分离并估计埃塞俄比亚北部选定湖泊鱼类中O157:H7的流行率，并评估分离株的抗菌药敏模式。所有微生物鉴定和分离程序均按照ISO 6887-3:2017的建议进行。抗菌药敏试验也按照Kirby-Bauer纸片扩散法的标准程序进行。在总共检测的410份鱼样本中，有6份（1.46%）被发现感染了产志贺毒素的O157:H7菌株。该菌株从上岸点（5/293）和当地零售市场（1/75）分离得到。此外，从鱼片（5/214）和整条鱼（1/125）中分离出了O157:H7；然而，在即食鱼样本和餐馆工作环境中未分离到该菌株。抗生素药敏试验表明，分离株对氨苄西林和链霉素纸片耐药。然而，环丙沙星、庆大霉素和萘啶酸被发现对所有分离株的生长均有抑制作用。由于从鱼类中检测到了致病菌株，在埃塞俄比亚食用生鱼和未煮熟的鱼可能会导致感染。鱼类中出现此类病原生物表明利益相关者需要进行干预。诸如冰柜、发电机、建立鱼类加工厂以及提供关于正确鱼类处理方法的在职培训等支持措施，可能在降低埃塞俄比亚鱼类污染水平方面发挥巨大作用。
