School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
J Sport Health Sci. 2020 Jan;9(1):53-73. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2019.07.004. Epub 2019 Jul 13.
In recent years, much evidence has emerged to indicate that exercise can benefit people when performed properly. This review summarizes the exercise interventions used in studies involving mice as they are related to special diseases or physiological status. To further understand the effects of exercise interventions in treating or preventing diseases, it is important to establish a template for exercise interventions that can be used in future exercise-related studies.
PubMed was used as the data resource for articles. To identify studies related to the effectiveness of exercise interventions for treating various diseases and organ functions in mice, we used the following search language: (exercise [Title] OR training [Title] OR physical activity [Title]) AND (mice [title/abstract] OR mouse [title/abstract] OR mus [title/abstract]). To limit the range of search results, we included 2 filters: one that limited publication dates to "in 10 years" and one that sorted the results as "best match". Then we grouped the commonly used exercise methods according to their similarities and differences. We then evaluated the effectiveness of the exercise interventions for their impact on diseases and organ functions in 8 different systems.
A total of 331 articles were included in the analysis procedure. The articles were then segmented into 8 systems for which the exercise interventions were used in targeting and treating disorders: motor system (60 studies), metabolic system (45 studies), cardio-cerebral vascular system (58 studies), nervous system (74 studies), immune system (32 studies), respiratory system (7 studies), digestive system (1 study), and the system related to the development of cancer (54 studies). The methods of exercise interventions mainly involved the use of treadmills, voluntary wheel-running, forced wheel-running, swimming, and resistance training. It was found that regardless of the specific exercise method used, most of them demonstrated positive effects on various systemic diseases and organ functions. Most diseases were remitted with exercise regardless of the exercise method used, although some diseases showed the best remission effects when a specific method was used.
Our review strongly suggests that exercise intervention is a cornerstone in disease prevention and treatment in mice. Because exercise interventions in humans typically focus on chronic diseases, national fitness, and body weight loss, and typically have low intervention compliance rates, it is important to use mice models to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the health benefits from exercise interventions in humans.
近年来，大量证据表明，适当的运动对人体有益。本综述总结了与特殊疾病或生理状态相关的小鼠模型中使用的运动干预措施。为了进一步了解运动干预在治疗或预防疾病方面的效果，建立一个可用于未来运动相关研究的运动干预模板非常重要。
使用 PubMed 作为文章的数据资源。为了确定与各种疾病和器官功能相关的运动干预对小鼠的有效性的研究，我们使用了以下搜索语言：（运动[标题]或训练[标题]或体力活动[标题]）和（小鼠[标题/摘要]或鼠[标题/摘要]或 mus [标题/摘要]）。为了限制搜索结果的范围，我们包含了两个过滤器：一个将出版日期限制在“10 年内”，另一个将结果排序为“最佳匹配”。然后，我们根据相似性和差异将常用的运动方法进行分组。然后，我们评估了 8 个不同系统中运动干预对疾病和器官功能的影响的有效性。
共有 331 篇文章被纳入分析程序。然后，将这些文章分为 8 个系统，针对这些系统使用运动干预来靶向和治疗疾病：运动系统（60 项研究）、代谢系统（45 项研究）、心脑血管系统（58 项研究）、神经系统（74 项研究）、免疫系统（32 项研究）、呼吸系统（7 项研究）、消化系统（1 项研究）和与癌症发展相关的系统（54 项研究）。运动干预方法主要涉及使用跑步机、自愿轮跑、强制轮跑、游泳和抗阻训练。结果发现，无论使用何种特定的运动方法，大多数方法对各种系统性疾病和器官功能都具有积极的影响。无论使用何种运动方法，大多数疾病都可以通过运动得到缓解，但某些疾病在使用特定方法时表现出最佳的缓解效果。
本综述强烈表明，运动干预是小鼠疾病预防和治疗的基石。由于人类的运动干预通常侧重于慢性疾病、全民健身和体重减轻，并且通常具有较低的干预依从率，因此使用小鼠模型来研究人类运动干预带来的健康益处的分子机制非常重要。
