Omidi Fakhriyeh, Jafaryan Hojatollah, Patimar Rahman, Harsij Mohammad, Paknejad Hamed
Department of Fisheris, Faculty of of Natural Resources, Department of Fisheries, University of Gonbad Kavous, Gonbad Kavous, Iran.
Department of Fisheris, Faculty of of Natural Resources, Department of Fisheries, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
Toxicol Rep. 2020 Jan 3;7:109-117. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.12.003. eCollection 2020.
The present study was conducted to provide basic information on the physiological damages (mucosal indicators) of Round Goby under laboratory and environmental conditions of lead contamination. The other goal was to find mucosal biomarkers of lead contamination in the Gulf of Gorgan. In the laboratory study, 400 pieces of fish with an average the weight of 35 ± 7.16 g were caught alive and were exposed to lead concentrations of 0, 3.75, 7.5 and 15 mg / l for 14 days. Once the experiment was completed, the samples of mucus and liver were collected from the fish samples with the samples being surveyed by analyses of SDS-PAGE, mucus safety and toxicology. In the field test, the samples of fish, water, and sediment were prepared from four stations. In addition to measuring the lead in water, sediment and liver tissue, the samples of mucus from the caught fish were similarly analyzed under the laboratory conditions mentioned. According to the results under laboratory conditions, obvious differences were observed between the protein pattern of samples of treatment with the control group. Further, among innate immune parameters of the mucus, only lysozyme showed a significant correlation with the concentrations of lead accumulated in the liver of Round Goby (P < 0.05). Under environmental conditions, obvious differences were also observed between the protein pattern of samples of contaminated stations with the control station. Further, among innate immune parameters of the mucus, lysozyme indicated a positive correlation while alkaline phosphatase showed a negative correlation with lead contamination in the liver of Round Goby (P < 0.05). In total, in the pattern of mucus protein, the intensity of the band within the range of 25 kDa was enhanced in both conditions, suggesting the presence of proteases in this region. Also, among the immune parameters, lysozyme enzyme showed a significant and positive correlation with liver lead contamination in both conditions (P < 0.05). These can be considered as the biomarkers of protein pattern and safety in Round Goby mucus for assessing lead pollution in Gulf of Gorgan.
本研究旨在提供关于圆腹雅罗鱼在铅污染的实验室和环境条件下生理损伤（黏膜指标）的基础信息。另一个目标是寻找戈尔甘湾铅污染的黏膜生物标志物。在实验室研究中，捕获400条平均体重为35±7.16克的活鱼，并将它们暴露于浓度为0、3.75、7.5和15毫克/升的铅环境中14天。实验完成后，从鱼样本中采集黏液和肝脏样本，并通过SDS-PAGE分析、黏液安全性和毒理学对样本进行检测。在现场测试中，从四个站点采集鱼、水和沉积物样本。除了测量水、沉积物和肝脏组织中的铅含量外，对捕获鱼的黏液样本同样在上述实验室条件下进行分析。根据实验室条件下的结果，处理组样本与对照组的蛋白质模式存在明显差异。此外，在黏液的先天免疫参数中，只有溶菌酶与圆腹雅罗鱼肝脏中积累的铅浓度呈现显著相关性（P<0.05）。在环境条件下，受污染站点样本与对照站点的蛋白质模式也存在明显差异。此外，在黏液的先天免疫参数中，溶菌酶与圆腹雅罗鱼肝脏中的铅污染呈正相关，而碱性磷酸酶呈负相关（P<0.05）。总体而言，在黏液蛋白质模式中，两种条件下25 kDa范围内条带的强度均增强，表明该区域存在蛋白酶。此外，在免疫参数中，溶菌酶在两种条件下均与肝脏铅污染呈现显著正相关（P<0.05）。这些可被视为圆腹雅罗鱼黏液中蛋白质模式和安全性的生物标志物，用于评估戈尔甘湾的铅污染。
