Daneshpour Hirad, Youk Hyun
Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, the Netherlands.
Department of Bionanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2629HZ, the Netherlands.
Curr Opin Syst Biol. 2019 Dec;18:44-52. doi: 10.1016/j.coisb.2019.10.008.
Communicating is crucial for cells to coordinate their behaviors. Immunological processes, involving diverse cytokines and cell types, are ideal for developing frameworks for modeling coordinated behaviors of cells. Here, we review recent studies that combine modeling and experiments to reveal how immune systems use autocrine, paracrine, and juxtacrine signals to achieve behaviors such as controlling population densities and hair regenerations. We explain that models are useful because one can computationally vary numerous parameters, in experimentally infeasible ways, to evaluate alternate immunological responses. For each model, we focus on the length-scales and time-scales involved and explain why integrating multiple length-scales and time-scales in a model remain challenging. We suggest promising modeling strategies for meeting this challenge and their practical consequences.
细胞间进行通讯对于协调它们的行为至关重要。免疫过程涉及多种细胞因子和细胞类型，是构建细胞协调行为模型框架的理想选择。在这里，我们回顾了最近将建模与实验相结合的研究，以揭示免疫系统如何利用自分泌、旁分泌和近分泌信号来实现诸如控制种群密度和毛发再生等行为。我们解释说模型之所以有用，是因为人们可以通过计算以实验上不可行的方式改变众多参数，来评估不同的免疫反应。对于每个模型，我们关注其中涉及的长度尺度和时间尺度，并解释为什么在一个模型中整合多个长度尺度和时间尺度仍然具有挑战性。我们提出了应对这一挑战的有前景的建模策略及其实际影响。
