Department of Sport and Exercise Science, Portsmouth University, Hampshire, UK.
Department of Sport and Exercise Science, Portsmouth University, Hampshire, UK.
Appl Ergon. 2020 May;85:103043. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2019.103043. Epub 2020 Jan 7.
This study investigated the ergonomics of three simulated 120 m vertical ladder ascents and differences between novice (NC) and experienced climbers (EC). Seven EC and 10 NC undertook three 120 m climbs; comprising of four 30 m climbs. Ascending 120 m was reported as a high physical demand, supported by high peak HRs (173 b.min across the three climbs) and V˙ O (3.1 L.min across the three climbs). Grip strength and endurance were significantly (p < 0.05) impaired by ascents. With multiple ascents, toe clearance was reduced (Climb 1 - 0.0515 m; Climb 3 - 0.046 m), and participants reached higher with their arms (shoulder angle: Climb 1 - 117°; Climb 3 - 136°). NC demonstrated less range of movement through the hips (NC - 46°; EC - 58°), and higher muscle activation in the upper body (NC - 60%; EC - 49%). Experience reduced cumulative climbing times (exercise + rest), whilst maintaining the same physiological demand as NC and maintained optimised movement patterns for longer.
本研究调查了三种模拟 120 米垂直梯攀爬的人体工程学，并比较了新手（NC）和经验丰富的攀爬者（EC）之间的差异。7 名 EC 和 10 名 NC 进行了三次 120 米攀爬，包括四次 30 米攀爬。攀爬 120 米被认为是高体力需求的，这得到了高峰值 HR（三次攀爬中的约 173 b.min）和 V˙O（三次攀爬中的约 3.1 L.min）的支持。攀爬会显著（p < 0.05）削弱握力和耐力。随着多次攀爬，脚趾离地间隙减小（攀爬 1 - 0.0515 m；攀爬 3 - 0.046 m），参与者的手臂举得更高（肩角：攀爬 1 - 117°；攀爬 3 - 136°）。NC 髋关节的运动范围较小（NC - 46°；EC - 58°），并且上半身的肌肉激活度更高（NC - 60%；EC - 49%）。经验减少了累积攀爬时间（运动+休息），同时保持与 NC 相同的生理需求，并能更长时间保持优化的运动模式。
