Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
J Environ Manage. 2020 Apr 1;259:110051. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.110051. Epub 2020 Jan 7.
Soil contamination due to heavy metals is a serious problem worldwide. Leather industry is one of the leading sectors in this regard in Pakistan, discharging heavy metal chromium (Cr) through untreated wastewater. In this study, effect of biochar and elemental sulfur (ES) were evaluated on maize growth, physiology, redox homeostasis and Cr dynamics in tannery polluted soils. Biochar was produced through pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse at 350 °C and was applied at a rate of 3% (w/w) along with different rates of ES (3 and 6 g kg soil). Results revealed that Cr toxicity in tannery polluted soils negatively affected plant growth, physiological and biochemical attributes. Reduction in plant growth and accumulation of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in roots and shoots were higher in Sialkot (S) soil compared to Kasur (K) soil. Application of biochar and ES (6 g kg) resulted in maximum increase in plant height, biomass, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, relative water, starch and protein content, as compared to control. While electrolyte leakage, soluble sugars, proline content, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes (APX, CAT, GSH, GR, GPX, GST and SOD) were decreased by addition of biochar and ES in tannery polluted soils. Similarly, combined application of biochar and ES decreased Cr concentrations in soil, and reduced uptake of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) concentration in roots and shoots of plants in S soil compared with K soil. In conclusion, application of biochar in combination with ES could be considered an interesting environmentally sound option for remediation of tannery polluted soils.
土壤重金属污染是一个全球性的严重问题。皮革行业是巴基斯坦这方面的主要行业之一，通过未经处理的废水排放重金属铬（Cr）。在这项研究中，评估了生物炭和元素硫（ES）对制革污染土壤中玉米生长、生理、氧化还原平衡和 Cr 动态的影响。生物炭是通过甘蔗渣在 350°C 下热解产生的，以 3%（w/w）的比例与不同比例的 ES（3 和 6 g kg 土壤）一起施用。结果表明，制革污染土壤中的 Cr 毒性对植物生长、生理和生化特性产生负面影响。与 Kasur（K）土壤相比，Sialkot（S）土壤中 Cr(III)和 Cr(VI)在根和地上部分的积累以及植物生长的减少更为严重。与对照相比，生物炭和 ES（6 g kg）的应用使植物的株高、生物量、叶绿素含量、光合作用、相对水分、淀粉和蛋白质含量最大增加。而电解质泄漏、可溶性糖、脯氨酸含量、脂质过氧化和抗氧化酶（APX、CAT、GSH、GR、GPX、GST 和 SOD）在添加生物炭和 ES 的制革污染土壤中减少。同样，与 K 土壤相比，生物炭和 ES 的联合应用降低了 S 土壤中土壤中的 Cr 浓度，减少了 Cr(VI)和 Cr(III)在植物根和地上部分的吸收浓度。总之，生物炭与 ES 的联合应用可以被认为是一种有趣的、对环境友好的修复制革污染土壤的选择。
