Naveed Muhammad, Tanvir Bisma, Xiukang Wang, Brtnicky Martin, Ditta Allah, Kucerik Jiri, Subhani Zinayyera, Nazir Muhammad Zubair, Radziemska Maja, Saeed Qudsia, Mustafa Adnan
Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Nov 18;12:775785. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.775785. eCollection 2021.
Among heavy metals, chromium (Cr) contamination is increasing gradually due to the use of untreated industrial effluents for irrigation purposes, thereby posing a severe threat to crop production. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of compost, biochar (BC), and co-composted BC on the growth, physiological, biochemical attributes, and health risks associated with the consumption of grown on Cr-contaminated soil. Results revealed that Cr stress (Cr-25) significantly reduced the growth and physiological attributes and increased antioxidant enzyme activities in , but the applied amendments considerably retrieved the negative effects of Cr toxicity through improving the growth and physiology of plants. The maximum increase in plant height (75.3%), root length (151.0%), shoot dry weight (139.4%), root dry weight (158.5%), and photosynthetic rate (151.0%) was noted with the application of co-composted BC under Cr stress (Cr-25) in comparison to the control. The application of co-composted BC significantly reduced antioxidant enzyme activities, such as APX (42.5%), GP (45.1%), CAT (45.4%), GST (47.8%), GR (47.1%), and RG (48.2%), as compared to the control under Cr stress. The same treatment reduced the accumulation of Cr in grain, shoot, and roots of by 4.12, 2.27, and 2.17 times and enhanced the accumulation in soil by 1.52 times as compared to the control. Moreover, the application of co-composted BC significantly enhanced phytostabilization efficiency and reduced associated health risks with the consumption of . It is concluded that the application of co-composted BC in Cr-contaminated soil can significantly enhance the growth, physiological, and biochemical attributes of by reducing its uptake in plants and enhanced phytostabilization efficiency. The tested product may also help in restoring the soils contaminated with Cr.
在重金属中，由于将未经处理的工业废水用于灌溉，铬（Cr）污染正逐渐加剧，从而对作物生产构成严重威胁。本研究旨在评估堆肥、生物炭（BC）以及共混生物炭对生长在铬污染土壤上的[作物名称未提及]的生长、生理、生化特性以及与食用相关的健康风险的影响。结果表明，铬胁迫（Cr - 25）显著降低了[作物名称未提及]的生长和生理特性，并增加了其抗氧化酶活性，但施用的改良剂通过改善植物的生长和生理状况，大大减轻了铬毒性的负面影响。与对照相比，在铬胁迫（Cr - 25）下施用共混生物炭时，[作物名称未提及]的株高（增加75.3%）、根长（增加151.0%）、地上部干重（增加139.4%）、根部干重（增加158.5%）和光合速率（增加151.0%）增幅最大。与铬胁迫下的对照相比，施用共混生物炭显著降低了抗氧化酶活性，如抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX，降低42.5%）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GP，降低45.1%）、过氧化氢酶（CAT，降低45.4%）、谷胱甘肽 - S - 转移酶（GST，降低47.8%）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR，降低47.1%）和愈创木酚过氧化物酶（RG，降低48.2%）。与对照相比，相同处理使[作物名称未提及]籽粒、地上部和根部的铬积累量分别降低了4.12倍、2.27倍和2.17倍，而土壤中的铬积累量增加了1.52倍。此外，施用共混生物炭显著提高了植物稳定化效率，并降低了与食用[作物名称未提及]相关的健康风险。研究得出结论，在铬污染土壤中施用共混生物炭可通过减少植物对铬的吸收并提高植物稳定化效率，显著增强[作物名称未提及]的生长、生理和生化特性。所测试的产品还可能有助于修复受铬污染的土壤。
