Violence Prevention Research Program, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Davis.
Violence Prevention Research Program, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Davis.
Ann Epidemiol. 2020 Jan;41:35-42.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2019.12.002. Epub 2019 Dec 6.
The purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of firearm involvement during violent victimization on the level of distress experienced and daily functioning within sociodemographic subgroups.
We used cross-sectional data from the National Crime Victimization Survey (n = 5698) and Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation. Sociodemographic subgroups were defined by age, race, sex, and socioeconomic position. Outcomes included experiencing the victimization as severely distressing and problems in the workplace or at school, or with peers or family.
Among people victimized with a firearm, nearly 40% experienced the victimization as severely distressing and 28% reported daily functioning problems as a result of the victimization, compared with 25% and 27% of those victimized without a firearm. In most of the subgroups examined, a greater proportion of people described the event as severely distressing when a firearm was involved in the victimization, ranging up to 19 percentage points higher among women and among black respondents (95% CI for women = 10%-28%; for blacks = 6%-31%).
Our findings suggest an almost universal negative response to firearm involvement during a violent victimization as compared with violent victimizations involving other or no weapons. These findings highlight the need for efforts by medical and mental health practitioners to address the potential sequelae of experiencing severe distress during a firearm victimization.
本研究旨在评估在暴力受害事件中涉及枪支对不同社会人口学亚组人群所经历的痛苦程度和日常功能的影响。
我们使用了来自全国犯罪受害调查（n=5698）的横断面数据和有针对性的最大似然估计。社会人口学亚组由年龄、种族、性别和社会经济地位定义。结果包括将受害经历视为严重困扰，以及在工作场所或学校、与同龄人或家人之间存在问题。
在遭受枪支暴力的人群中，近 40%的人将受害经历视为严重困扰，28%的人因受害而出现日常功能问题，而未遭受枪支暴力的人群中，这两个比例分别为 25%和 27%。在所检查的大多数亚组中，当受害事件涉及枪支时，更多的人将事件描述为严重困扰，女性和黑人受访者的比例最高可达 19 个百分点（女性为 10%-28%；黑人 6%-31%）。
与涉及其他武器或无武器的暴力受害事件相比，我们的发现表明，枪支的涉入会引起几乎普遍的负面反应。这些发现强调了医疗和心理健康从业者需要努力解决在枪支受害期间经历严重困扰的潜在后果。
