De Bonis Angela, Curcio Mariangela, Santagata Antonio, Galasso Agostino, Teghil Roberto
Dipartimento di Scienze, Università della Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10-85100 Potenza, Italy.
CNR-ISM, Contrada Santa Loja, 85050 Tito Scalo (PZ), Italy.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2020 Jan 14;10(1):145. doi: 10.3390/nano10010145.
Transition metal carbide nanoparticles are a class of technological interesting materials with a wide range of applications. Among metal carbides, tantalum carbides have good compatibility with the biological environment while molybdenum carbides are used as catalyst in electrochemical reactions. Laser ablation of bulk transition metal targets in some liquids is here reported and laser ablation in organic solvents is used as simple synthetic strategy for the production of carbide nanostructures. Herein, the nanoparticles produced by ultra-short laser ablation of tantalum and molybdenum in water, acetone, ethanol and toluene have been characterized by TEM, XRD and XPS analysis. The combined effect of metal and solvent chemical and physical properties on the composition of the nanomaterials obtained has been pointed out. In particular, the different reactivity of Ta and Mo with respect to oxidizing species determines the composition of particles obtained in water, on the other hand the organic solvents decomposition allows to obtain transition metal carbide (TMC) nanoparticles. The observed carbonaceous shell formed on TMC allows to protect the particle's carbidic core and to improve and tailor the applications of these nanomaterials.
过渡金属碳化物纳米颗粒是一类具有广泛应用的技术上有趣的材料。在金属碳化物中，碳化钽与生物环境具有良好的兼容性，而碳化钼则用作电化学反应中的催化剂。本文报道了在某些液体中对块状过渡金属靶材进行激光烧蚀，并将有机溶剂中的激光烧蚀用作制备碳化物纳米结构的简单合成策略。在此，通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）分析对在水、丙酮、乙醇和甲苯中通过超短激光烧蚀钽和钼制备的纳米颗粒进行了表征。指出了金属和溶剂的化学及物理性质对所得纳米材料组成的综合影响。特别是，钽和钼相对于氧化物种的不同反应性决定了在水中获得的颗粒的组成，另一方面，有机溶剂的分解使得能够获得过渡金属碳化物（TMC）纳米颗粒。在TMC上观察到形成的碳质壳能够保护颗粒的碳化物核心，并改善和定制这些纳米材料的应用。
