Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
General Surgery Department, Hospital Local de Saúde de Castelo Branco, 6000-085 Castelo Branco, Portugal.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jan 4;21(1):338. doi: 10.3390/ijms21010338.
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a severe inflammation of the pancreas presented with sudden onset and severe abdominal pain with a high morbidity and mortality rate, if accompanied by severe local and systemic complications. Numerous studies have been published about the pathogenesis of AP; however, the precise mechanism behind this pathology remains unclear. Extensive research conducted over the last decades has demonstrated that the first 24 h after symptom onset are critical for the identification of patients who are at risk of developing complications or death. The identification of these subgroups of patients is crucial in order to start an aggressive approach to prevent mortality. In this sense and to avoid unnecessary overtreatment, thereby reducing the financial implications, the proper identification of mild disease is also important and necessary. A large number of multifactorial scoring systems and biochemical markers are described to predict the severity. Despite recent progress in understanding the pathophysiology of AP, more research is needed to enable a faster and more accurate prediction of severe AP. This review provides an overview of the available multifactorial scoring systems and biochemical markers for predicting severe AP with a special focus on their advantages and limitations.
急性胰腺炎（AP）是一种胰腺的严重炎症，表现为突然发作和严重的腹痛，具有较高的发病率和死亡率，如果伴有严重的局部和全身并发症。关于 AP 的发病机制已经发表了许多研究；然而，这种病理的确切机制仍不清楚。过去几十年的广泛研究表明，症状出现后的头 24 小时对于识别有发生并发症或死亡风险的患者至关重要。确定这些亚组患者对于开始积极预防死亡率至关重要。在这种情况下，为了避免不必要的过度治疗，从而降低财务影响，正确识别轻度疾病也很重要和必要。已经描述了大量的多因素评分系统和生化标志物来预测严重程度。尽管在理解 AP 的病理生理学方面取得了最近的进展，但仍需要更多的研究来实现对严重 AP 的更快、更准确的预测。这篇综述概述了现有的用于预测严重 AP 的多因素评分系统和生化标志物，特别关注它们的优点和局限性。
