基于优势的方法促进多重问题的伤残津贴受领者就业的开发和评估：一项可行性研究。
Development and evaluation of a strength-based method to promote employment of work-disability benefit recipients with multiple problems: a feasibility study.
机构信息
University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, PO Box 196, 9700, AD, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Center for Labour Expertise, Nijkerk, The Netherlands.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2020 Jan 16;20(1):71. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-8157-3.
BACKGROUND
For people with disabilities, chances to find or keep work are negatively affected by multiple problems like lower education, poverty and poor health. Furthermore, although active labour market policies proved to be effective for unemployed in general, success rates are poor for persons who are unemployed due to multiple problems. The present study aims to describe the development of a method as well as professional training to teach its application, and to assess the feasibility of method and training. The Strength-based method (CARm) aims to promote employment of work-disability benefit recipients with multiple problems.
METHODS
The main principles of the Strength model were redesigned for better applicability in a population of work-disability beneficiaries, resulting in the CARm method. As part of the CARm method, a training module for Labour Experts (LEs) was developed. To assess the new designed method and training, a one-group, pre-post design was used. Data were collected from eight participating LEs, five female and 3 male, aged between 41and 55 years and having 2-17 years working experience. We used self-report questionnaires and a semi-structured discussion meeting after the training sessions with the LEs.
RESULTS
Eight labour experts (LEs) from the Dutch Social Security Institute participated in the study. Most LEs felt an improvement in their ability to ascertain developmental needs, opportunities and threats in the client's situation. Three months after the training, LEs almost unanimously agreed on the statements 'I expect to use the CARm method more frequently in the future' and 'I use the CARm method in daily practice whenever possible'. The overall rating for the training on a scale from 1 to 10 was 7.6 (range 7-9). The overall satisfaction with the trainers was good.
CONCLUSIONS
The CARm method and training was found to be a feasible approach to facilitate LEs working at the UWV reintegration service to support clients with multiple problems. Sufficient managerial support for participating LEs is a key factor for successful implementation of CARm. Results show that CARm is worth testing for efficacy in a future trial.
背景
对于残疾人来说，由于教育水平低、贫困和健康状况不佳等多种问题，他们找到或保住工作的机会受到负面影响。此外，尽管积极的劳动力市场政策已被证明对失业人员总体有效，但对于因多种问题而失业的人员，成功率较低。本研究旨在描述一种方法的开发以及专业培训，以评估该方法和培训的可行性。基于优势的方法（CARm）旨在促进有多种问题的工作残疾津贴领取者就业。
方法
对优势模型的主要原则进行了重新设计，以使其更适用于工作残疾津贴领取者群体，从而形成了 CARm 方法。作为 CARm 方法的一部分，为劳动专家（LEs）开发了一个培训模块。为了评估新设计的方法和培训，采用了一组前后设计。数据来自参加培训的 8 名劳动专家（LEs），其中 5 名女性，3 名男性，年龄在 41 至 55 岁之间，工作经验 2-17 年。我们使用自我报告问卷和与 LEs 培训课程结束后的半结构化讨论会议收集数据。
结果
来自荷兰社会保障研究所的 8 名劳动专家（LEs）参加了这项研究。大多数 LEs 认为，他们确定客户情况中发展需求、机会和威胁的能力有所提高。培训结束三个月后，LEs 几乎一致同意“我预计将来会更频繁地使用 CARm 方法”和“我尽可能在日常实践中使用 CARm 方法”这两个说法。培训的总体评分从 1 到 10 为 7.6（范围 7-9）。对培训师的总体满意度良好。
结论
CARm 方法和培训被认为是一种可行的方法，可以帮助在 UWV 再融合服务工作的 LEs 支持有多种问题的客户。为参与的 LEs 提供足够的管理支持是成功实施 CARm 的关键因素。结果表明，CARm 值得在未来的试验中测试其疗效。
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