MacMahon J R, Gross R T
Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, Calif. 94304.
Am J Dis Child. 1988 Dec;142(12):1361-6. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1988.02150120115053.
Aerobic exercise has been associated with improved psychological status and physical fitness in adults, but its effects in adolescents have been less clear. This study evaluated the effects of aerobic exercise on the self-concept, depression level, and physical fitness of juvenile delinquents. Ninety-eight incarcerated youths who volunteered to participate were assigned in a blind fashion to one of two exercise programs lasting three months. Sixty-nine completed all phases of the study and are the subjects of this report. One exercise program (32 subjects) emphasized aerobic exercise; the other (37 subjects), limited exertion. Before and after participating, each subject underwent measurement of self-concept, mood, and physical fitness. While the aerobic and comparison groups were initially similar, the data demonstrated an association between participation in the aerobic exercise program and improved self-concept, mood, and fitness. Improvement in psychological variables was not dependent on improved physical fitness and was not related to preintervention measures.
有氧运动已被证明与成年人心理状态的改善和身体健康状况的提升有关，但它对青少年的影响尚不太明确。本研究评估了有氧运动对青少年罪犯自我概念、抑郁水平和身体健康状况的影响。98名自愿参与的被监禁青少年被随机分配到两个为期三个月的锻炼项目之一。69人完成了研究的所有阶段，成为本报告的研究对象。一个锻炼项目（32名受试者）强调有氧运动；另一个（37名受试者）则是有限度的运动。在参与锻炼前后，每个受试者都接受了自我概念、情绪和身体健康状况的测量。虽然有氧运动组和对照组最初情况相似，但数据表明，参与有氧运动项目与自我概念、情绪和健康状况的改善之间存在关联。心理变量的改善并不依赖于身体健康状况的改善，也与干预前的测量结果无关。
