Christensen Helen, Pallister Emma, Smale Stephanie, Hickie Ian B, Calear Alison L
Centre for Mental Health Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 0200, Australia.
J Prim Prev. 2010 Jun;31(3):139-70. doi: 10.1007/s10935-010-0214-8.
Little is known about the effectiveness of prevention and early intervention programs for young people and adolescents once they leave or dropout from school. The effectiveness of 18 anxiety and 26 depression studies addressing prevention in community programs were identified using systematic review methodology. Anxiety and depression symptoms were reduced in ~60% of the programs. Cognitive behavioral therapy programs were more common than other interventions and were consistently found to lower symptoms or prevent depression or anxiety. Automated or computerized interventions showed promise, with 60% of anxiety programs and 83% of depression programs yielding successful outcomes on at least one measure. Further research is needed to determine the active components of successful programs, to explore cost-effectiveness and scalability factors, to investigate individual predictors of successful outcome, and to design best practice prevention programs.
对于青少年离开学校或辍学后预防和早期干预项目的效果，人们了解甚少。运用系统综述方法，确定了18项针对社区项目预防焦虑的研究以及26项针对社区项目预防抑郁的研究的效果。约60%的项目中焦虑和抑郁症状有所减轻。认知行为疗法项目比其他干预措施更为常见，并且一直被发现能够减轻症状或预防抑郁或焦虑。自动化或计算机化干预显示出前景，60%的焦虑项目和83%的抑郁项目在至少一项指标上取得了成功结果。需要进一步开展研究，以确定成功项目的有效组成部分，探索成本效益和可扩展性因素，调查成功结果的个体预测因素，并设计最佳实践预防项目。
