Wang Xiang, Cai Zhi-Dong, Jiang Wan-Ting, Fang Yan-Yan, Sun Wen-Xin, Wang Xing
School of Physical Education and Training, Shanghai University of Sport, 650 Qingyuan Ring Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200438, China.
Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2022 Feb 28;16(1):16. doi: 10.1186/s13034-022-00453-2.
Depression is widespread among adolescents and seriously endangers their quality of life and academic performance. Developing strategies for adolescent depression has important public health implications. No systematic review on the effectiveness of physical exercise for adolescents aged 12-18 years with depression or depressive symptoms has previously been conducted. This study aims to systematically evaluate the effect of physical exercise on adolescent depression in the hope of developing optimum physical exercise programs.
Nine major databases at home and abroad were searched to retrieve randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on exercise interventions among adolescents with depression or depressive symptoms. The retrieval period started from the founding date of each database to May 1, 2021. The methodological quality of the included articles was evaluated using the modified PEDro scale. A meta-analysis, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias tests were then conducted.
Fifteen articles, involving 19 comparisons, with a sample size of 1331, were included. Physical exercise significantly reduced adolescent depression (standardized mean difference [SMD] = - 0.64, 95% CI - 0.89, - 0.39, p < 0.01), with a moderate effect size, in both adolescents with depression (SMD = -0.57, 95% CI - 0.90, - 0.23, p < 0.01) and adolescents with depressive symptoms (SMD = - 0.67, 95% CI - 1.00, - 0.33, p < 0.01). In subgroups of different depression categories (depression or depressive symptoms), aerobic exercise was the main form of exercise for the treatment of adolescents with depression. For adolescents with depression, interventions lasting 6 weeks, 30 min/time, and 4 times/week had optimum results. The effects of aerobic exercise and resistance + aerobic exercise in the subgroup of adolescents with depressive symptoms were significant, while the effect of physical and mental exercise (yoga) was not significant. For adolescents with depressive symptoms, aerobic exercise lasting 8 weeks, 75-120 min/time, and 3 times/week had optimum results. Physical exercise with moderate intensity is a better choice for adolescents with depression and depressive symptoms.
Physical exercise has a positive effect on the improvement of depression in adolescents. The protocol for this study was registered with INPLASY (202170013). DOI number is 10.37766/inplasy2021.7.0013. Registration Date:2021.7.06.
抑郁症在青少年中广泛存在，严重危及他们的生活质量和学业成绩。制定青少年抑郁症防治策略具有重要的公共卫生意义。此前尚无关于12至18岁患有抑郁症或抑郁症状青少年体育锻炼效果的系统评价。本研究旨在系统评价体育锻炼对青少年抑郁症的影响，以期制定最佳体育锻炼方案。
检索国内外9个主要数据库，以获取关于抑郁症或抑郁症状青少年运动干预的随机对照试验（RCT）。检索期从各数据库建库日期至2021年5月1日。采用改良的PEDro量表评估纳入文章的方法学质量。随后进行荟萃分析、亚组分析、敏感性分析和发表偏倚检验。
纳入15篇文章，涉及19项比较，样本量为1331例。体育锻炼显著降低了青少年抑郁症（标准化均数差[SMD]= -0.64，95%CI -0.89，-0.39，p<0.01），效应量中等，在患有抑郁症的青少年（SMD= -0.57，95%CI -0.90，-0.23，p<0.01）和有抑郁症状的青少年中（SMD= -0.67，95%CI -1.00，-0.33，p<0.01）均如此。在不同抑郁类别（抑郁症或抑郁症状）亚组中，有氧运动是治疗青少年抑郁症的主要运动形式。对于患有抑郁症的青少年，干预持续6周、每次30分钟、每周4次效果最佳。有氧运动和抗阻+有氧运动在有抑郁症状青少年亚组中的效果显著，而身心运动（瑜伽）的效果不显著。对于有抑郁症状的青少年，有氧运动持续8周、每次75 - 120分钟、每周3次效果最佳。中等强度的体育锻炼是患有抑郁症和抑郁症状青少年的较好选择。
体育锻炼对改善青少年抑郁症有积极作用。本研究方案已在国际系统评价注册平台（INPLASY）注册（202170013）。DOI编号为10.37766/inplasy2021.7.0013。注册日期：2021年7月6日。
