Samet J M, Coultas D B, Howard C A, Skipper B J, Hanis C L
New Mexico Tumor Registry, University of New Mexico Medical Center, Albuquerque 87131.
Am J Epidemiol. 1988 Dec;128(6):1302-11. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115083.
Because Hispanics in the Southwest are genetically admixed with American Indians, the hypothesis has been advanced that the excess occurrence of diabetes mellitus, obesity, and gallbladder disease in this ethnic group may be genetic in origin and results from genes derived from American Indians. This report describes the prevalence of these diseases in 1,175 adult Hispanic participants in a survey of a New Mexico community conducted in 1984-1985. At nearly all ages, the majority of subjects had a body mass index of 25 kg/m2 or greater, and a substantial proportion exceeded 30 kg/m2. The prevalence of obesity was much greater in these Hispanics than is shown in nationwide data for US whites. Diabetes mellitus was also reported more often by Hispanic subjects in this survey than by US whites nationwide. A report of gallbladder trouble or of gallbladder removal was common in both males and females; the prevalence of gallbladder removal was as high in this population as in Mexican Americans previously studied in Starr County, Texas. In spite of the high prevalence of obesity, hypertension was less frequent among the New Mexico Hispanics than is shown in nationwide data for US whites. These findings complement those of previous surveys in Texas, which have shown a notably high proportion of adults to be obese, to have non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and to have gallbladder disease. The similar epidemiology of these diseases in the Hispanics of New Mexico and the Mexican Americans of Texas supports the hypothesis that American Indian admixture underlies the development of these conditions in Hispanics throughout the Southwest.
由于美国西南部的西班牙裔人与美洲印第安人存在基因混合，因此有人提出假说，认为该族群中糖尿病、肥胖症和胆囊疾病的高发可能源于基因，是源自美洲印第安人的基因所致。本报告描述了在1984 - 1985年对新墨西哥州一个社区进行的调查中，1175名成年西班牙裔参与者中这些疾病的患病率。几乎在所有年龄段，大多数受试者的体重指数都达到或超过25千克/平方米，相当一部分人超过了30千克/平方米。这些西班牙裔人的肥胖患病率远高于美国白人的全国数据。在本次调查中，西班牙裔受试者报告糖尿病的情况也比全国范围内的美国白人更为常见。男性和女性中胆囊问题或胆囊切除的报告都很常见；该人群的胆囊切除患病率与之前在得克萨斯州斯塔尔县研究的墨西哥裔美国人一样高。尽管肥胖患病率很高，但新墨西哥州的西班牙裔人中高血压的发生率低于美国白人的全国数据。这些发现补充了之前在得克萨斯州进行的调查结果，那些调查显示成年人中有相当高比例的人肥胖、患有非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病和胆囊疾病。新墨西哥州的西班牙裔人和得克萨斯州的墨西哥裔美国人中这些疾病相似的流行病学情况支持了这样一种假说，即美洲印第安人的基因混合是整个美国西南部西班牙裔人出现这些病症的基础。
