Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada.
J Med Microbiol. 2020 Mar;69(3):339-346. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.001139.
Metabolism is the foundation of all living organisms and is at the core of numerous if not all biological processes. The ability of an organism to modulate its metabolism is a central characteristic needed to proliferate, to be dormant and to survive any assault. is bestowed with a uniquely versatile metabolic framework that enables the microbe to adapt to a wide range of conditions including disparate nutrients and toxins. In this mini-review we elaborate on the various metabolic reconfigurations evoked by this microbial system to combat reactive oxygen/nitrogen species and metal stress. The fine-tuning of the NADH/NADPH homeostasis coupled with the production of α-keto-acids and ATP allows for the maintenance of a reductive intracellular milieu. The metabolic networks propelling the synthesis of metabolites like oxalate and aspartate are critical to keep toxic metals at bay. The biochemical processes resulting from these defensive mechanisms provide molecular clues to thwart infectious microbes and reveal elegant pathways to generate value-added products.
新陈代谢是所有生物体的基础，也是无数（如果不是所有）生物过程的核心。生物体调节新陈代谢的能力是增殖、休眠和在任何攻击中生存的核心特征。微生物被赋予了独特的多功能代谢框架，使微生物能够适应包括不同营养物质和毒素在内的广泛条件。在这篇迷你综述中，我们详细阐述了这个微生物系统为了对抗活性氧/氮物种和金属应激而引发的各种代谢重排。NADH/NADPH 动态平衡的微调，加上α-酮酸和 ATP 的产生，使得细胞内环境保持还原性。推动草酸和天冬氨酸等代谢物合成的代谢网络对于抑制有毒金属至关重要。这些防御机制所产生的生化过程为抵御感染性微生物提供了分子线索，并揭示了产生增值产品的优雅途径。
