Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità di Biologia Cellulare e dello Sviluppo, Università di Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jan 19;21(2):654. doi: 10.3390/ijms21020654.
HMGA (high mobility group A) (HMGA1 and HMGA2) are small non-histone proteins that can bind DNA and modify chromatin state, thus modulating the accessibility of regulatory factors to the DNA and contributing to the overall panorama of gene expression tuning. In general, they are abundantly expressed during embryogenesis, but are downregulated in the adult differentiated tissues. In the present review, we summarize some aspects of their role during development, also dealing with relevant studies that have shed light on their functioning in cell biology and with emerging possible involvement of HMGA1 and HMGA2 in evolutionary biology.
HMGA（高迁移率族 A）（HMGA1 和 HMGA2）是可以结合 DNA 并修饰染色质状态的小非组蛋白蛋白质，从而调节调控因子与 DNA 的可及性，并有助于整体基因表达调节的全景。一般来说，它们在胚胎发生过程中大量表达，但在成年分化组织中下调。在本综述中，我们总结了它们在发育过程中的一些作用，还涉及到一些相关研究，这些研究揭示了它们在细胞生物学中的功能，并可能涉及 HMGA1 和 HMGA2 在进化生物学中的作用。
