Cardoso Dal Pont Gabriela, Farnell Morgan, Farnell Yuhua, Kogut Michael H
Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
Microorganisms. 2020 Jan 19;8(1):139. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8010139.
Inflammation is the reaction of the immune system to an injury; it is aimed at the recovery and repair of damaged tissue. The inflammatory response can be beneficial to the animal since it will reestablish tissue homeostasis if well regulated. However, if it is not controlled, inflammation might lead to a chronic response with a subsequent loss of tissue function. The intestine is constantly exposed to a number of environmental triggers that stimulate inflammation and lead to a reduction in performance. The diet and dietary components constitute consistent inflammatory triggers in poultry. Dietary components, such as anti-nutritional compounds, oxidized lipids, mycotoxins, and excess of soluble fiber or protein, are all capable of inducing a low-grade inflammatory response in the intestine of broilers throughout a 5-week grow-out period. We hypothesized that dietary factor-induced chronic intestinal inflammation is a key driver of the lower performance and higher incidence of intestinal problems observed in poultry production. Therefore, this review was aimed at exploring feed-induced chronic inflammation in poultry, the constituents of the diet that might act as inflammatory triggers and the possible effects of chronic intestinal inflammation on the poultry industry.
炎症是免疫系统对损伤的反应；其目的是恢复和修复受损组织。炎症反应对动物可能有益，因为如果调节得当，它将重建组织内稳态。然而，如果炎症得不到控制，可能会导致慢性反应，随后组织功能丧失。肠道不断暴露于多种刺激炎症并导致生产性能下降的环境触发因素。日粮和日粮成分是家禽中持续存在的炎症触发因素。日粮成分，如抗营养化合物、氧化脂质、霉菌毒素以及过量的可溶性纤维或蛋白质，在整个5周的育肥期内都能够在肉鸡肠道中诱导低度炎症反应。我们假设日粮因素诱导的慢性肠道炎症是家禽生产中观察到的生产性能下降和肠道问题发生率较高的关键驱动因素。因此，本综述旨在探讨饲料诱导的家禽慢性炎症、可能作为炎症触发因素的日粮成分以及慢性肠道炎症对家禽业的可能影响。
