锌信号在前列腺癌研究中的进展。
Advances of Zinc Signaling Studies in Prostate Cancer.
机构信息
Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
College of Arts and Sciences, Winthrop University, Rock Hill, SC 29733, USA.
出版信息
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jan 19;21(2):667. doi: 10.3390/ijms21020667.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers and the second leading cause of cancer-related death among men worldwide. Despite progresses in early diagnosis and therapeutic strategies, prognosis for patients with advanced PCa remains poor. Noteworthily, a unique feature of healthy prostate is its highest level of zinc content among all soft tissues in the human body, which dramatically decreases during prostate tumorigenesis. To date, several reviews have suggested antitumor activities of zinc and its potential as a therapeutic strategy of PCa. However, an overview about the role of zinc and its signaling in PCa is needed. Here, we review literature related to the content, biological function, compounds and clinical application of zinc in PCa. We first summarize zinc content in prostate tissue and sera of PCa patients with their clinical relevance. We then elaborate biological functions of zinc signaling in PCa on three main aspects, including cell proliferation, death and tumor metastasis. Finally, we discuss clinical applications of zinc-containing compounds and proteins involved in PCa signaling pathways. Based on currently available studies, we conclude that zinc plays a tumor suppressive role and can serve as a biomarker in PCa diagnosis and therapies.
前列腺癌（PCa）是全球男性最常见的癌症之一，也是癌症相关死亡的第二大主要原因。尽管在早期诊断和治疗策略方面取得了进展，但晚期 PCa 患者的预后仍然不佳。值得注意的是，健康前列腺的一个独特特征是其在人体所有软组织中具有最高的锌含量，而在前列腺肿瘤发生过程中锌含量会急剧下降。迄今为止，已有几项综述表明锌具有抗肿瘤活性，并可能成为治疗 PCa 的一种策略。然而，仍需要对锌及其在 PCa 中的信号转导作用进行全面概述。在这里，我们综述了与锌在 PCa 中的含量、生物学功能、化合物和临床应用相关的文献。我们首先总结了前列腺组织和 PCa 患者血清中的锌含量及其临床相关性。然后，我们详细阐述了锌信号在三个主要方面对 PCa 的生物学功能，包括细胞增殖、死亡和肿瘤转移。最后，我们讨论了涉及 PCa 信号通路的含锌化合物和蛋白质的临床应用。基于目前的研究，我们得出结论，锌发挥肿瘤抑制作用，并可作为 PCa 诊断和治疗的生物标志物。
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