Maccarone Marica T
AUSL Pescara- Radiology Division, Spirito Santo Hospital Pescara, Pescara, Italy.
Curr Med Imaging Rev. 2019;15(1):4-9. doi: 10.2174/1573405614666180626120832.
Sarcoidosis is an unknown etiology multisystem inflammatory disease in which noncaseating granulomas (a collections of inflammatory cells) form and grow in various organs, involving predominantly lungs, intrathoracic lymph node, skin and eyes. It most commonly affects patients between 20 and 40 years old of age but it could be observed at any age (female predominance; rare in Asians).
The areas of the body usually affected by sarcoidosis are lungs, skin, or lymph nodes; pulmonary and mediastinal involvement is seen in over of 90% of patients. Less commonly eyes, liver, heart, and brain are involved. Any organ, however, can be affected. Early diagnosis of sarcoidosis can be difficult due to few signs and symptoms in its early stages, and when disease does occur, it may mimic other pathologies, and is made up with chest X-ray, Computed Tomography (CT)-High Resolution CT (HRCT), gallium scans. Fluoro-Deoxy Glucose- Positron Emission Tomography (FDG-PET) is another useful tool to assess the extent of disease and has a potential to evaluate the clinical management of patients responding or not to the treatment.
In this review, we would summarize in brief the clinical indications of PDG-PET in sarcoidosis and report the imaging features of the main organs involved in this disease.
结节病是一种病因不明的多系统炎症性疾病，其中非干酪样肉芽肿（炎症细胞的聚集）在各个器官中形成并生长，主要累及肺、胸内淋巴结、皮肤和眼睛。它最常影响20至40岁的患者，但在任何年龄都可能观察到（女性居多；在亚洲人中罕见）。
结节病通常累及的身体部位是肺、皮肤或淋巴结；超过90%的患者可见肺部和纵隔受累。较少见的是眼睛、肝脏、心脏和大脑受累。然而，任何器官都可能受到影响。结节病的早期诊断可能很困难，因为其早期症状和体征较少，而且当疾病确实发生时，它可能模仿其他病症，通过胸部X线、计算机断层扫描（CT）-高分辨率CT（HRCT）、镓扫描来诊断。氟脱氧葡萄糖-正电子发射断层扫描（FDG-PET）是评估疾病范围的另一种有用工具，并且有可能评估对治疗有反应或无反应的患者的临床管理情况。
在本综述中，我们将简要总结PET在结节病中的临床应用指征，并报告该疾病主要受累器官的影像学特征。
