Haddad Gaëlle, Saadé Marie Christelle, Eid Roland, Haddad Fady Gh, Kourie Hampig Raphael
Hematology & Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Unité de Génétique Médicale, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Pharmacogenomics. 2020 Feb;21(3):221-230. doi: 10.2217/pgs-2019-0113.
The evolution of precision medicine in the field of oncology has led to a radical change in the course of malignancies. PARP inhibitors are drugs that block the activity of the PARP enzyme responsible for base excision repair and have shown significant positive response when used for tumors lacking homologous recombination, namely high efficacy among BRCA-mutated tumors. Since 2014, when olaparib received an accelerated US FDA approval in ovarian cancer, we witnessed many other FDA approvals for olaparib, rucaparib, niraparib and talazoparib. Additionally, many Phase I, II and III trials were published presenting revolutionizing results. Other ongoing trials combined PARP inhibitors with checkpoint inhibitors. We aimed in this review to state the FDA approvals for PARP inhibitors in breast, ovarian, fallopian tube and primary peritoneal cancers, report the major published trials in high impact medical journals, and mention the ongoing trials combining these drugs with checkpoint inhibitors.
肿瘤学领域精准医学的发展已使恶性肿瘤的病程发生了根本性变化。PARP抑制剂是一类能够阻断负责碱基切除修复的PARP酶活性的药物，当用于缺乏同源重组的肿瘤时，已显示出显著的阳性反应，即在BRCA突变肿瘤中具有高效性。自2014年奥拉帕尼在美国获得卵巢癌加速批准以来，我们见证了奥拉帕尼、鲁卡帕尼、尼拉帕尼和他拉唑帕尼获得了美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）的许多其他批准。此外，许多I期、II期和III期试验已发表，呈现出变革性的结果。其他正在进行的试验将PARP抑制剂与检查点抑制剂联合使用。在本综述中，我们旨在阐述FDA对PARP抑制剂在乳腺癌、卵巢癌、输卵管癌和原发性腹膜癌中的批准情况，报告在高影响力医学期刊上发表的主要试验，并提及将这些药物与检查点抑制剂联合使用的正在进行的试验。
