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尖端扭转型室速合并严重维生素D缺乏,一个常见问题的不寻常表现。

Torsade de Pointes with severe vitamin D deficiency, an unusual presentation of a common problem.

作者信息

Halawa Ahmad, Dave Isha, Gautam Sandeep

机构信息

University of Missouri-Columbia, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA.

出版信息

J Cardiol Cases. 2019 Aug 13;20(4):132-134. doi: 10.1016/j.jccase.2019.07.003. eCollection 2019 Oct.

Abstract

Torsade de Pointes (TdP) is a rare cardiac arrhythmia that is associated with prolonged QTc interval. Hypocalcemia is a common cause of prolonged QTc. Although vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a common disorder in elderly patients with an incidence rate of >40% and can cause hypocalcemia, it has never been linked to TdP. We report a patient with severe VDD that resulted in TdP and cardiac arrest. Post-resuscitation work up illustrated prolonged QTc interval of 620 ms, significant hypocalcemia, and severe VDD of 4 (normal 30-80) ng/mL. After high dose vitamin D/calcium supplements, repeat electrocardiogram revealed normal QTc interval of 423 ms. During hospitalization, the patient suffered no additional arrhythmias and QTc continued to be normal. : Severe vitamin D deficiency is common especially in elderly patients. The diagnosis and treatment of this disorder are simple, but the consequences of severe depletion of vitamin D storage can lead to deep electrolyte abnormalities and life-threatening arrhythmia such as Torsade de Pointes. A simple screening test is effective in preventing a dreadful outcome.>.

摘要

尖端扭转型室性心动过速(TdP)是一种罕见的心律失常,与QTc间期延长有关。低钙血症是QTc延长的常见原因。虽然维生素D缺乏(VDD)在老年患者中是一种常见疾病,发病率>40%,且可导致低钙血症,但它从未与TdP相关联。我们报告一例严重VDD导致TdP和心脏骤停的患者。复苏后检查显示QTc间期延长至620毫秒,严重低钙血症,以及严重VDD,维生素D水平为4(正常为30 - 80)纳克/毫升。在补充大剂量维生素D/钙后,复查心电图显示QTc间期正常,为423毫秒。住院期间,患者未再发生心律失常,QTc持续正常。严重维生素D缺乏很常见,尤其是在老年患者中。这种疾病的诊断和治疗很简单,但维生素D储备严重耗竭的后果可能导致严重的电解质异常和危及生命的心律失常,如尖端扭转型室性心动过速。一项简单的筛查测试对于预防可怕的后果是有效的。

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本文引用的文献

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Electrolyte screening in the evaluation of prolonged QTc interval.
Cardiol Young. 2015 Feb;25(2):398-9. doi: 10.1017/S1047951114000705. Epub 2014 May 13.
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Long on QT and low on calcium.QT间期延长且血钙降低。
Cardiol Young. 2004 Dec;14(6):667-70. doi: 10.1017/S1047951104006134.

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