Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen (UCPH), Denmark.
FEBS J. 2020 Apr;287(8):1454-1477. doi: 10.1111/febs.15223. Epub 2020 Feb 6.
The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a crucial role in regulating organ homeostasis. It provides mechanical and biochemical cues directing cellular behaviour and, therefore, has control over the progression of diseases such as cancer. Recent efforts have greatly enhanced our knowledge of the protein composition of the ECM and its regulators, the so-called matrisome, in healthy and cancerous tissues; yet, an overview of the common signatures and organ-specific ECM in cancer is missing. Here, we address this by taking a detailed approach to review why cancer grows in certain organs, and focus on the influence of the matrisome at primary and metastatic tumour sites. Our in-depth and comprehensive review of the current literature and general understanding identifies important commonalities and distinctions, providing insight into the biology of metastasis, which could pave the way to improve future diagnostics and therapies.
细胞外基质（ECM）在调节器官稳态方面起着至关重要的作用。它提供了指导细胞行为的机械和生化线索，因此控制着癌症等疾病的发展。最近的研究极大地提高了我们对 ECM 及其调节剂（所谓的基质组）在健康组织和癌变组织中的蛋白组成的认识；然而，对于癌症中常见的特征和器官特异性 ECM，我们还缺乏一个全面的概述。在这里，我们通过详细的方法来解决这个问题，即探讨为什么癌症会在某些器官中生长，并关注基质组在原发性和转移性肿瘤部位的影响。我们对当前文献和一般认识的深入而全面的回顾，确定了重要的共性和区别，深入了解转移的生物学，为改善未来的诊断和治疗方法铺平了道路。
