Gugulothu Sriram Bharath, Asthana Sonal, Homer-Vanniasinkam Shervanthi, Chatterjee Kaushik
Department of Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India.
Department of Hepatobiliary and Multi-Organ Transplantation Surgery, Aster CMI Hospital, Bangalore 560024, India.
JACS Au. 2023 Aug 11;3(8):2086-2106. doi: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00281. eCollection 2023 Aug 28.
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technologies involving photopolymerizable bioinks (PBs) have attracted enormous attention in recent times owing to their ability to recreate complex structures with high resolution, mechanical stability, and favorable printing conditions that are suited for encapsulating cells. 3D bioprinted tissue constructs involving PBs can offer better insights into the tumor microenvironment and offer platforms for drug screening to advance cancer research. These bioinks enable the incorporation of physiologically relevant cell densities, tissue-mimetic stiffness, and vascularized channels and biochemical gradients in the 3D tumor models, unlike conventional two-dimensional (2D) cultures or other 3D scaffold fabrication technologies. In this perspective, we present the emerging techniques of 3D bioprinting using PBs in the context of cancer research, with a specific focus on the efforts to recapitulate the complexity of the tumor microenvironment. We describe printing approaches and various PB formulations compatible with these techniques along with recent attempts to bioprint 3D tumor models for studying migration and metastasis, cell-cell interactions, cell-extracellular matrix interactions, and drug screening relevant to cancer. We discuss the limitations and identify unexplored opportunities in this field for clinical and commercial translation of these emerging technologies.
涉及可光聚合生物墨水（PBs）的三维（3D）生物打印技术近年来备受关注，因为它们能够以高分辨率、机械稳定性以及适合封装细胞的良好打印条件重建复杂结构。涉及PBs的3D生物打印组织构建体能够为肿瘤微环境提供更好的见解，并为药物筛选提供平台，以推动癌症研究。与传统的二维（2D）培养或其他3D支架制造技术不同，这些生物墨水能够在3D肿瘤模型中纳入生理相关的细胞密度、组织模拟硬度、血管化通道以及生化梯度。从这个角度出发，我们在癌症研究的背景下介绍了使用PBs进行3D生物打印的新兴技术，特别关注重现肿瘤微环境复杂性的努力。我们描述了打印方法以及与这些技术兼容的各种PB配方，以及最近为研究与癌症相关的迁移和转移、细胞间相互作用、细胞与细胞外基质相互作用以及药物筛选而生物打印3D肿瘤模型的尝试。我们讨论了这些新兴技术在临床和商业转化方面的局限性，并确定了该领域尚未探索的机会。
