The peculiarities of immunological indicators in hiv-infected persons with tuberculosis.

INTRODUCTION

Epidemics of such dangerous diseases as HIV infection and tuberculosis continue to develop annually. Tuberculosis has become the main cause of mortality in AIDS patients. Both diseases have a negative effect on the state of the immune system, affecting the cells of the lymphatic system. The aim of the work is to carry out a comparative comprehensive immunological examination of HIV-infected and immunocompetent patients with active tuberculosis.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

It was carried out a comprehensive immunological examination of 231 patients, in particular 155 HIV-infected patients with active TB and 76 cases with TB only. The HIV / TB group was divided into 3 subgroups depending on the time of TB attachment to HIV infection. It was compared with CD4 + T-lymphocytes, CD8 + T-lymphocytes, CD4 + / CD8 +, levels of interleukin-4 (IF-4), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and results delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions (TGS) with tuberculin for groups with a combined HIV / TB infection and TB-mono-infected patients.

RESULTS

The difference between CD4 + T-lymphocytes, CD4 + / CD8 + with associated HIV / TB infection, and also in the 1st and 3rd HIV / TB subgroups, as compared to those with TB monoinfection, was shown to be significantly more pronounced CD4 + T lymphocytes and a higher index of CD4 + / CD8 + in patients with TB monoinfection.

CONCLUSIONS

CD4 + T-lymphocyte ratios, CD4 + / CD8 + ratios are significantly lower with associated HIV / TB infection in comparison with patients with TB monoinfection. The level of CD4 + T-lymphocytes is significantly lower in infiltrative, fibrous-cavernous and extra pulmonary (peripheral and central lymph nodes) TB, which is combined with HIV infection compared to TB monoinfection.