Braun Ueli, Gerspach Christian, Ohlerth Stefanie, Warislohner Sonja, Nuss Karl
Department of Farm Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland.
Department of Farm Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland.
Vet J. 2020 Jan;255:105424. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2020.105424. Epub 2020 Jan 8.
Traumatic reticuloperitonitis (TRP) in cattle is caused by ingested nails, pieces of wire, and other nonmetallic materials that injure the reticular wall. Clinical signs of acute TRP may include anorexia, fever, drop in milk production, rumen atony and tympany, abdominal pain, an arched back, a tucked up and "guarded" abdomen and spontaneous grunting, but may be obscure or absent in chronic cases. Haematological findings alone are not diagnostic, but total and differential white blood cell counts, the concentration of fibrinogen and total protein and the glutaraldehyde coagulation time may indicate inflammation associated with TRP. The clinical examination is aimed at eliciting a grunt in response to foreign body tests such as back grip, pole test or pain percussion. Inflammatory changes of the reticulum and adjacent organs and impairment of reticular motility are characteristic features of TRP and can be detected via ultrasonography. Radiography is the technique of choice for the visualisation of metallic foreign bodies and for monitoring the efficacy of a magnet. Treatment may be conservative or surgical, but in most cases initial treatment is conservative with administration of a magnet and antibiotics. If the cow fails to respond to medical treatment, surgical treatment is the next option other than euthanasia and ideally is carried out after imaging of the reticulum. If this is not feasible, a second magnet and continuation of antibiotic treatment is recommended.
牛创伤性网胃炎（TRP）是由摄入的钉子、铁丝碎片及其他非金属物质损伤网胃壁所致。急性TRP的临床症状可能包括厌食、发热、产奶量下降、瘤胃弛缓和鼓胀、腹痛、弓背、收腹并“保护”腹部以及自发性呼噜声，但在慢性病例中这些症状可能不明显或不存在。仅血液学检查结果不能确诊，但白细胞总数及分类计数、纤维蛋白原和总蛋白浓度以及戊二醛凝固时间可能提示与TRP相关的炎症。临床检查旨在通过诸如背部按压、杆式检查或疼痛叩诊等异物检查诱发呼噜声。网胃及相邻器官的炎症变化和网胃蠕动功能受损是TRP的特征性表现，可通过超声检查发现。放射摄影是用于显示金属异物和监测磁体疗效的首选技术。治疗可采用保守治疗或手术治疗，但在大多数情况下，初始治疗是给予磁体和抗生素进行保守治疗。如果母牛对药物治疗无反应，除了安乐死之外，手术治疗是下一个选择，理想情况下应在对网胃进行成像后进行。如果不可行，建议再次使用磁体并继续使用抗生素治疗。
