Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.
Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA; MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.
Semin Cancer Biol. 2020 Oct;65:155-163. doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.01.009. Epub 2020 Jan 23.
Advances in our understanding of tumor immune biology and development of cancer immunotherapies have led to improved outcomes for patients that suffer from aggressive cancers such as metastatic melanoma. Despite these advances, a significant proportion of patients still fail to benefit, and as a result, attention has shifted to understanding how cancer cells escape immune destruction. Of particular interest is the metabolic landscape of the tumor microenvironment, as recent studies have demonstrated how both competition for essential nutrients and depletion of specific amino acids can promote T cell dysfunction. Here, we will discuss the major energetic pathways engaged by both T cells and cancer cells, metabolic substrates present in the tumor microenvironment, and emerging therapeutic strategies that seek to improve T cell metabolic fitness and bolster the antitumor immune response.
我们对肿瘤免疫生物学的认识不断提高，癌症免疫疗法也不断发展，这使得患有侵袭性癌症（如转移性黑色素瘤）的患者的预后得到了改善。尽管取得了这些进展，但仍有相当一部分患者未能从中受益，因此，人们的注意力已转向了解癌细胞如何逃避免疫破坏。特别引人关注的是肿瘤微环境的代谢景观，因为最近的研究表明，肿瘤微环境中必需营养物质的竞争和特定氨基酸的消耗如何促进 T 细胞功能障碍。在这里，我们将讨论 T 细胞和癌细胞所涉及的主要能量途径、肿瘤微环境中存在的代谢底物，以及寻求改善 T 细胞代谢适应性和增强抗肿瘤免疫反应的新兴治疗策略。
