Castelfranc-Allen Jane Mary, Hope Lorraine
Applied Psychology International, Napier, New Zealand.
Department of Psychology, University of Portsmouth, UK.
Psychiatr Psychol Law. 2018 Jul 2;25(4):589-601. doi: 10.1080/13218719.2018.1474814. eCollection 2018.
Investigators are increasingly faced with the challenge of obtaining evidence from witnesses who are distressed or traumatized by war, genocide, human trafficking and/or sexual violence. However, interviewing best practice does not explicitly address interviewees' psychological needs, and therapeutic approaches do not incorporate techniques to obtain accurate, detailed information. This article charts the development of the visual communication desensitization (VCD©) interview procedure, designed to secure accurate accounts rapidly while reducing distress. Originally developed to aid a traumatized victim of violent sexual assault who was unable to provide evidence in court, it comprises a two-part cognitive-behavioural approach to eliciting information from cooperative, traumatized witnesses, consisting of a 'narrative-graph' information-gathering component and a dovetailed therapeutic component. The laboratory findings and applied practice observations suggest that the VCD© interview procedure is beneficial for assisting traumatized interviewees in providing accounts, and thus could potentially support capacity-building in humanitarian response and international investigation contexts.
调查人员越来越面临着从那些因战争、种族灭绝、人口贩运和/或性暴力而痛苦或受创伤的证人那里获取证据的挑战。然而，访谈的最佳做法并没有明确解决受访者的心理需求，而治疗方法也没有纳入获取准确、详细信息的技巧。本文阐述了视觉沟通脱敏（VCD©）访谈程序的发展，该程序旨在迅速获取准确陈述，同时减轻痛苦。它最初是为帮助一名遭受暴力性侵犯的受创伤受害者而开发的，该受害者无法在法庭上提供证据，它包括一种两部分的认知行为方法，用于从合作的、受创伤的证人那里获取信息，由一个“叙事图”信息收集部分和一个相契合的治疗部分组成。实验室研究结果和实际应用观察表明，VCD©访谈程序有利于帮助受创伤的受访者提供陈述，因此有可能为人道主义应对和国际调查背景下的能力建设提供支持。
