证据审查员和立法标准对新西兰受审适格法庭结果分类的影响。
Effects of the Presser and legislative criteria on classifying New Zealand's fitness to stand trial court outcomes.
作者信息
Buchwald-Mackintosh Khan V, Williams Mei Wah M, Sakdalan Joseph A E
机构信息
School of Psychology, Massey University, Level 3, North Shore Library Building, 229 Dairy Flat Highway 17, Albany village, North Shore, Auckland, New Zealand. Private Bag 102 904, North Shore Mail Center, Auckland 0745, New Zealand.
Regional Forensic Psychiatric Service, Avondale, Auckland, New Zealand.
出版信息
Psychiatr Psychol Law. 2019 Jan 6;26(3):468-479. doi: 10.1080/13218719.2018.1506723. eCollection 2019.
New Zealand's legislation mandates the inclusion of several legislative criteria to assist in the determination of defendants' fitness to stand trial (FTST). However, the unlegislated Presser criteria have been described as useful to discriminate between defendants' fitness without formal research to identify them as such. The sample consisted of 252 defendants' FTST forensic assessments between 2005 and 2015 with a mean age of 30.1 years, where 87.7% were male. Defendants were primarily from Māori descent (37.3%), New Zealand European (34.1%) and Pacific Island descent (17.9%). The authors found that all Presser and legislative criteria significantly predicted whether the defendant was fit to stand trial (FST). Both the Presser and legislative criteria have excellent area under the curve (AUC) statistics. However, the Presser criteria, compared to the legislative criteria, improved specificity of court judgements. The Presser criteria may therefore assist in correct FTST court decisions, particularly for borderline-fit defendants.
新西兰的立法规定了若干立法标准，以协助确定被告受审能力（FTST）。然而，未经立法的普雷瑟标准被认为有助于区分被告的受审能力，但却没有正式研究将其确定为如此。样本包括2005年至2015年间252名被告的受审能力法医评估，平均年龄为30.1岁，其中87.7%为男性。被告主要来自毛利族裔（37.3%）、新西兰欧洲族裔（34.1%）和太平洋岛国族裔（17.9%）。作者发现，所有普雷瑟标准和立法标准都能显著预测被告是否适合受审（FST）。普雷瑟标准和立法标准的曲线下面积（AUC）统计数据都很出色。然而，与立法标准相比，普雷瑟标准提高了法庭判决的特异性。因此，普雷瑟标准可能有助于法庭做出正确的受审能力决定，特别是对于临界适合的被告。
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