Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61321, Saudi Arabia.
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Apr;27(11):12138-12151. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-07839-9. Epub 2020 Jan 27.
The present study estimated the ability of four aquatic macrophytes (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms, Ludwigia stolonifera (Guill. & Perr.) P.H. Raven, Echinochloa stagnina (Retz.) P. Beauv. and Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.) to accumulate Cd, Ni and Pb and their use for indicating and phytoremediating these metals in contaminated wetlands. Three sites at five locations in the Kitchener Drain in Gharbia and Kafr El-Sheikh Governorates (Egypt) were selected for plant, water and sediment sampling. The water in the Kitchener Drain was polluted with Cd, while Pb and Ni were far below the maximum level of Pb and Ni in the irrigation water. In comparison to the other species, P. australis accumulated the highest concentrations of Cd and Ni, while E. crassipes accumulated the highest concentration of Pb in its tissues. The four species had bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) greater than one, while their translocation factors (TFs) were less than 1 for most heavy metals, except Cd in the leaf and stem of E. stagnina and L. stolonifera, respectively, and Ni in the stem and leaf of E. stagnina. The BAF and TF results indicated that the studied species are suitable for phytostabilizing the studied heavy metals, except Ni in E. stagnina and Cd in L. stolonifera, which are suitable for phytoextracting these metals. Significant positive correlations were found between the investigated heavy metals in the water or sediment and the plant tissues. Their high BAFs, with significant proportional correlations, supported the potential of these species to serve as bioindicators and biomonitors of heavy metals in general and in the investigated metals specifically.
本研究评估了四种水生植物（凤眼蓝（Mart.）Solms、节节菜（Guill. & Perr.）P.H. Raven、野荸荠（Retz.）P. Beauv. 和芦苇（Cav.）Trin. ex Steud.）对 Cd、Ni 和 Pb 的积累能力，以及它们在受污染湿地中指示和植物修复这些金属的用途。在埃及加比亚和卡夫尔谢赫省的基奇纳排水系统的五个地点选择了三个地点进行植物、水和沉积物采样。基奇纳排水系统的水受到 Cd 污染，而 Pb 和 Ni 的含量远低于灌溉水的 Pb 和 Ni 最大允许浓度。与其他物种相比，芦苇积累的 Cd 和 Ni 浓度最高，而凤眼蓝组织中积累的 Pb 浓度最高。这四种物种的生物积累因子（BAF）大于 1，而它们的转移因子（TF）对于大多数重金属都小于 1，除了野荸荠叶和茎中的 Cd 和节节菜的茎和叶中的 Ni。BAF 和 TF 的结果表明，研究的物种适合用于稳定研究的重金属，除了野荸荠中的 Ni 和节节菜中的 Cd，它们适合用于提取这些金属。在水中或沉积物中的重金属与植物组织之间发现了显著的正相关关系。它们的高 BAF 值，以及与比例显著相关的 BAF 值，支持这些物种作为重金属的生物指示剂和生物监测器的潜力，特别是对所研究的金属。
