Sarwar Nadeem, Imran Muhammad, Shaheen Muhammad Rashid, Ishaque Wajid, Kamran Muhammad Asif, Matloob Amar, Rehim Abdur, Hussain Saddam
Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Department of Soil Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
Chemosphere. 2017 Mar;171:710-721. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.116. Epub 2016 Dec 23.
Presence of heavy metals in agricultural soils is of major environmental concern and a great threat to life on the earth. A number of human health risks are associated with heavy metals regarding their entry into food chain. Various physical, chemical and biological techniques are being used to remove heavy metals and metalloids from soils. Among them, phytoremediation is a good strategy to harvest heavy metals from soils and have been proven as an effective and economical technique. In present review, we discussed various sources and harmful effects of some important heavy metals and metalloids, traditional phytoremediation strategies, mechanisms involved in phytoremediation of these metals, limitations and some recent advances in phytoremediation approaches. Since traditional phytoremediation approach poses some limitations regarding their applications at large scale, so there is a dire need to modify this strategy using modern chemical, biological and genetic engineering tools. In view of above, the present manuscript brings both traditional and advanced phytoremediation techniques together in order to compare, understand and apply these strategies effectively to exclude heavy metals from soil keeping in view the economics and effectiveness of phytoremediation strategies.
农业土壤中重金属的存在是主要的环境问题，对地球上的生命构成巨大威胁。重金属进入食物链会带来许多人类健康风险。人们正在使用各种物理、化学和生物技术来去除土壤中的重金属和类金属。其中，植物修复是从土壤中收获重金属的一种良好策略，并且已被证明是一种有效且经济的技术。在本综述中，我们讨论了一些重要重金属和类金属的各种来源及有害影响、传统植物修复策略、这些金属植物修复所涉及的机制、局限性以及植物修复方法的一些最新进展。由于传统植物修复方法在大规模应用方面存在一些局限性，因此迫切需要使用现代化学、生物学和基因工程工具来改进这一策略。鉴于此，本手稿将传统和先进的植物修复技术结合在一起，以便比较、理解并有效应用这些策略，从土壤中去除重金属，同时考虑植物修复策略的经济性和有效性。
