公共政策的实验性评估：以儿童乘客安全的州立法为例。
Experimental evaluation of public policy: the case of state legislation for child passenger safety.
作者信息
Seekins T, Fawcett S B, Cohen S H, Elder J P, Jason L A, Schnelle J F, Winett R A
机构信息
University of Kansas.
出版信息
J Appl Behav Anal. 1988 Fall;21(3):233-43. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1988.21-233.
Observations of children in automobiles were made in seven states before and after implementation of legislation requiring use of child passenger safety devices. Increases in safe seating for children covered by state laws and children under 1 year old were observed in three of the five states implementing legislation during this study. Decreases in safe seating for these age groups were observed in two states, however. Increases in safe seating for children from 1 to 5 years old were observed in four of these five states. Although methodological limitations require cautious interpretation, these data suggest the impact child safety seat laws may have on compliance. Implications of this research for policies on child passenger safety and the importance of exploiting naturally occurring public experiments are discussed.
在七个州实施要求使用儿童乘客安全装置的立法前后，对车内儿童进行了观察。在本研究期间实施立法的五个州中，有三个州观察到州法律涵盖的儿童以及1岁以下儿童的安全座椅使用率有所增加。然而，在两个州观察到这些年龄组的安全座椅使用率有所下降。在这五个州中的四个州，观察到1至5岁儿童的安全座椅使用率有所增加。尽管方法上的局限性需要谨慎解读，但这些数据表明儿童安全座椅法律可能对合规情况产生的影响。讨论了本研究对儿童乘客安全政策的影响以及利用自然发生的公共实验的重要性。
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