Joshi Rajshri, Duong Hieu
Cleveland Clinic Akron General
Scarpa's fascia is a membranous layer of the anterior abdominal wall. Passing through the abdominal wall layers from outside to inside nine distinct layers are identified: skin, subcutaneous tissue, superficial fascia, external oblique muscles, transversus abdominis muscle, transversalis fascia, preperitoneal adipose tissue, and peritoneum. One of these layers, the "superficial fascia" consists of two layers: a membranous Scarpa’s fascia and an outer fatty layer, the Campers’ fascia. Scarpa’s fascia lies below the Camper’s fascia and above the external oblique muscle. It is connected laterally to the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle. Medially it fades into the linea alba and pubic symphysis. In the upper thigh just below the inguinal ligament, it blends in with the fascia lata. Scarpa’s fascia is named based on the region in which it is present. Scarpa’s fascia extends superficially to the spermatic cord and scrotum, where it is known as the dartos fascia. From within the scrotal area, the fascia is traceable backward, where it continues as Colles fascia as it blends with the deeper layers of the perineum. In females, Scarpa’s fascia extends into the labia majora. Scarpa’s fascia is a vital structure that providers need to be cognizant of because of its role in the repair of abdominal incisions and its clinical significance in forming fascial planes that limit bodily fluid extravasation.
斯卡帕筋膜是腹前壁的一层膜性结构。从外到内穿过腹壁各层可识别出九个不同的层次：皮肤、皮下组织、浅筋膜、腹外斜肌、腹横肌、腹横筋膜、腹膜前脂肪组织和腹膜。其中一层“浅筋膜”由两层组成：膜性的斯卡帕筋膜和外层脂肪层，即坎珀斯筋膜。斯卡帕筋膜位于坎珀斯筋膜下方和腹外斜肌上方。它在外侧与腹外斜肌腱膜相连。在内侧，它逐渐融入白线和耻骨联合。在腹股沟韧带下方的大腿上部，它与阔筋膜融合。斯卡帕筋膜根据其所在区域命名。斯卡帕筋膜浅面延伸至精索和阴囊，在那里称为肉膜筋膜。从阴囊区域向内，该筋膜可向后追踪，当它与会阴深层融合时，继续作为科勒斯筋膜。在女性中，斯卡帕筋膜延伸至大阴唇。斯卡帕筋膜是一个重要结构，由于其在腹部切口修复中的作用以及在形成限制体液外渗的筋膜平面方面的临床意义，医护人员需要了解它。
