School of Nursing, University of Connecticut, CT, USA.
Midwifery and Reproductive Health Department, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Complement Ther Med. 2020 Jan;48:102271. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.102271. Epub 2019 Nov 27.
To compare the analgesic effects of sucrose, music, and their combination on venipuncture's pain in preterm neonates.
A double-blinded randomized control trial conducted at a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) in Tehran, Iran. One hundred and twenty preterm neonates were randomly allocated into three experimental (sucrose, music and combination of sucrose and music) and one control groups (n = 30 for each group). Two minutes before the venipuncture, 0.5 ml of oral 24% sucrose was provided for the sucrose and combination groups. The combination group additionally received lullaby music as same as the music group. The control group had headphones without playing music and received sterile water. Blinded assessment of the Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) was performed before and during venipuncture, as well as 30 s and 10 min and 10 min after its completion.
The pain scores during venipuncture in the sucrose and combination groups were significantly lower than the control group (p = .003, p < .001, respectively) but not in the music group. Thirty seconds after the end of the venipuncture, the pain score in the three intervention groups was significantly lower than the control group (sucrose, music and, combination group, p < .001, p = .009, p < .001, respectively). Ten min after the venipuncture, there was no significant difference in pain scores among the four groups.
Music could relief pain 30 s after the venipuncture completion but not during the venipuncture. A more prolonged period of playing music is recommended to evaluate the analgesic effects of music in preterm neonates in future studies.
比较蔗糖、音乐及其联合应用对早产儿静脉穿刺疼痛的镇痛效果。
这是一项在伊朗德黑兰的德黑兰大学医学科学附属新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）进行的双盲随机对照试验。将 120 例早产儿随机分为 3 个实验组（蔗糖组、音乐组和蔗糖与音乐联合组）和 1 个对照组（每组 30 例）。在静脉穿刺前 2 分钟，给予蔗糖组和联合组 0.5 毫升口服 24%蔗糖。联合组还接受了与音乐组相同的摇篮曲音乐。对照组则佩戴耳机但不播放音乐，给予无菌水。在静脉穿刺前、穿刺期间以及穿刺完成后 30 秒、10 分钟和 10 分钟时，进行早产儿疼痛评估量表（PIPP）的盲法评估。
蔗糖组和联合组在静脉穿刺期间的疼痛评分明显低于对照组（p =.003，p <.001），但音乐组则不然。静脉穿刺结束后 30 秒，三组干预组的疼痛评分明显低于对照组（蔗糖组、音乐组和联合组，p <.001，p =.009，p <.001）。静脉穿刺结束后 10 分钟，四组疼痛评分无显著差异。
音乐可以在静脉穿刺结束后 30 秒缓解疼痛，但不能在静脉穿刺期间缓解疼痛。建议在未来的研究中，播放更长时间的音乐以评估音乐对早产儿的镇痛效果。
