Rayes Julie, Bourne Joshua H, Brill Alexander, Watson Steve P
Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences College of Medical and Dental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UK.
Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE) Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham The Midlands UK.
Res Pract Thromb Haemost. 2019 Oct 17;4(1):23-35. doi: 10.1002/rth2.12266. eCollection 2020 Jan.
Beyond their role in hemostasis and thrombosis, platelets are increasingly recognized as key regulators of the inflammatory response under sterile and infectious conditions. Both platelet receptors and secretion are critical for these functions and contribute to their interaction with the endothelium and innate immune system. Platelet-leukocyte interactions are increased in thrombo-inflammatory diseases and are sensitive biomarkers for platelet activation and targets for the development of new therapies. The crosstalk between platelets and innate immune cells promotes thrombosis, inflammation, and tissue damage. However, recent studies have shown that these interactions also regulate the resolution of inflammation, tissue repair, and wound healing. Many of the platelet and leukocyte receptors involved in these bidirectional interactions are not selective for a subset of immune cells. However, specific heterotypic interactions occur in different vascular beds and inflammatory conditions, raising the possibility of disease- and organ-specific pathways of intervention. In this review, we highlight and discuss prominent and emerging interrelationships between platelets and innate immune cells and their dual role in the regulation of the inflammatory response in sterile and infectious thrombo-inflammatory diseases. A better understanding of the functional relevance of these interactions in different vascular beds may provide opportunities for successful therapeutic interventions to regulate the development, progression, and chronicity of various pathological processes.
除了在止血和血栓形成中的作用外，血小板越来越被认为是无菌和感染条件下炎症反应的关键调节因子。血小板受体和分泌对于这些功能至关重要，并有助于它们与内皮细胞和先天免疫系统的相互作用。在血栓炎症性疾病中，血小板与白细胞的相互作用增强，是血小板活化的敏感生物标志物和新疗法开发的靶点。血小板与先天免疫细胞之间的相互作用促进血栓形成、炎症和组织损伤。然而，最近的研究表明，这些相互作用也调节炎症的消退、组织修复和伤口愈合。参与这些双向相互作用的许多血小板和白细胞受体并非对特定免疫细胞亚群具有选择性。然而，特定的异型相互作用发生在不同的血管床和炎症条件下，这增加了疾病和器官特异性干预途径的可能性。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍并讨论血小板与先天免疫细胞之间显著且新出现的相互关系，以及它们在无菌和感染性血栓炎症性疾病炎症反应调节中的双重作用。更好地理解这些相互作用在不同血管床中的功能相关性，可能为成功的治疗干预提供机会，以调节各种病理过程的发生、发展和慢性化。
