University Hospital, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany.
Front Immunol. 2019 Jul 26;10:1731. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01731. eCollection 2019.
Besides mediating hemostatic functions, platelets are increasingly recognized as important players of inflammation. Data from experiments in mice and men revealed various intersection points between thrombosis, hemostasis, and inflammation, which are addressed and discussed in this review in detail. One such example is the intrinsic coagulation cascade that is initiated after platelet activation thereby further propagating and re-enforcing wound healing or thrombus formation but also contributing to the pathophysiology of severe diseases. FXII of the intrinsic pathway connects platelet activation with the coagulation cascade during immune reactions. It can activate the contact system thereby either creating an inflammatory state or accelerating inflammation. Recent insights into platelet biology could show that platelets are equipped with complement receptors. Platelets are important for tissue remodeling after injury has been inflicted to the endothelial barrier and to the subendothelial tissue. Thus, platelets are increasingly recognized as more than just cells relevant for bleeding arrest. Future insights into platelet biology are to be expected. This research will potentially offer novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention in diseases featuring platelet abundance.
除了介导止血功能外，血小板也越来越被认为是炎症的重要参与者。来自小鼠和人类实验的数据揭示了血栓形成、止血和炎症之间的各种交叉点，本综述详细探讨了这些交叉点。例如，内在凝血级联反应在血小板激活后被启动，从而进一步促进和加强伤口愈合或血栓形成，但也导致严重疾病的病理生理学变化。内在途径中的 FXII 将血小板激活与免疫反应中的凝血级联联系起来。它可以激活接触系统，从而导致炎症状态或加速炎症。最近对血小板生物学的深入了解表明，血小板具有补体受体。血小板对于内皮屏障和血管壁内层组织受损后的组织重塑非常重要。因此，血小板不仅仅是与止血相关的细胞。预计未来对血小板生物学的研究会有新的发现。这项研究将为血小板丰富的疾病的治疗干预提供新的机会。
